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Electrospinning of sulfur‐free softwood lignin (SFSL) in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) is reported as is and with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). SFSL macromolecules behave as rigid spheres, instead of free draining macromolecules in DMF. Hence they are investigated as colloids. Colloidal SFSL generates uniform fibers only at the volume fraction of 0.63. It is due to the sufficiently high longest mean relaxation time at the volume fraction of 0.63. Colloidal SFSL below the volume fraction of 0.63 does not exhibit any measurable viscoelasticity and also does not generate any uniform fibers. Bead‐free fibers are generated at volume fractions below 0.63 only by adding PEO. PEO presence brings elasticity to colloidal SFSL and produces bead‐free fibers only above the entanglement concentration of PEO in DMF. The presence of SFSL macromolecules does not cause any interactions with PEO molecules, except it reduces the available of free volume for PEO chains in DMF.

A bio-based process for selective degradation of carbohydrate impurities from waste lignin was achieved using Pseudomonas fluorescens as a green cleaner.

Purpose Material extrusion additive manufacturing, also known as fused deposition modeling, is a manufacturing technique in which objects are built by depositing molten materials layer-by-layer through a nozzle. The use and application of this technique has risen dramatically over the past decade. This paper aims to first, report on the production and characterization of a shape memory polymer material filament that was manufactured to print shape memory polymer objects using material extrusion additive manufacturing. Additionally, it aims to investigate and outline the effects of major printing parameters, such as print orientation and infill percentage, on the elastic and mechanical properties of printed shape memory polymer samples. Design/methodology/approach Infill percentage was tested at three levels, 50, 75 and 100 per cent, while print orientation was tested at four different angles with respect to the longitudinal axis of the specimens at 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°. The properties examined were elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength and maximum strain. Findings Results showed that print angle and infill percentage do have a significant impact on the manufactured test samples. Originality/value Findings can significantly influence the tailored design and manufacturing of smart structures using shape memory polymer and material extrusion additive manufacturing.