In this paper, Cascade PI Controller-Based Robust Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) of a DC-DC boost converter is presented. Non-minimum phase behaviour of the boost converter due to right half plane zero constitutes a challenge and its non-linear dynamics complicate the control process while operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The proposed control scheme efficiently resolved complications and challenges by using features of cascade PI control loop in combination with properties of MRAC. The accuracy of the proposed control system's ability to track the desired signals and regulate the plant process variables in the most beneficial and optimised way without delay and overshoot is verified using MATLAB/Simulink by applying comparative analysis with single PI and cascade PI controllers. Moreover, performance of the proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with the implementation of MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow on dSPACE Real-time-interface (RTI) 1007 processor, DS2004 High-Speed A/D and CP4002 Timing and Digital I/O boards. The experimental results and analysis reveal that the proposed control strategy enhanced the tracking speed two times with considerably improved disturbance rejection.INDEX TERMS Cascade PI controller, control systems mathematical models, model reference adaptive control, state-space averaging method, time and frequency domain analysis.ZHONGFU ZHOU received the Ph.D. degree from the
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In this paper, Proportional Gain Resonant and Gain Scheduled Proportional (PR-P) Controller based variable perturbation size real-time adaptive perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is presented. The proposed control scheme resolved the drawbacks of conventional P&O MPPT method associated with the use of constant perturbation size that leads to poor transient response and high continuous steady-state oscillations. The prime objective of using the PR-P controller is to utilize inherited properties of the signal produced by the controller's resonant path and integrate it to update best estimated perturbation that represents the working principle of extremum seeking control (ESC) to use in P&O algorithm that characterizes the overall system learning-based real time adaptive (RTA). Additionally, utilization of internal dynamics of the PR-P controller overcome the challenges namely, complexity, computational burden, implantation cost and slow tracking performance in association with commonly used soft computing intelligent systems and adaptive control strategies. The proposed control scheme is verified using MATLAB/Simulink by applying comparative analysis with PI controlled conventional P&O MPPT algorithm. Moreover, performance of the proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with the implementation of MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow on dSPACE Real-time-interface (RTI) 1007 processor board, DS2004 A/D and CP4002 Digital I/O boards. The experimental results and analysis reveal that the proposed control strategy enhanced the tracking speed five times with reduced steadystate oscillations around maximum power point (MPP) and more than 99% energy extracting efficiency.INDEX TERMS Enhanced adaptive P&O MPPT, extremum seeking control, photovoltaic emulator, proportional resonant controller, state-space averaging, time and frequency domain analysis.
In this paper, a symmetrical pole placement Method-based Unity Proportional Gain Resonant and Gain Scheduled Proportional (PR-P) Controller is presented. The proposed PR-P controller resolved the issues that are tracking repeating control input signal with zero steady-state and mitigating of 3rd order harmonic component injected into the grid associated with the use of PI controller for single-phase PV systems. Additionally, the PR-P controller has overcome the drawbacks of frequency detuning in the grid and increase in the magnitude of odd number harmonics in the system that constitute the common concerns in the implementation of conventional PR controller developed as an alternative to PI controller. Moreover, the application of an unprecedented design process based on changing notch filter dynamics with symmetrical pole placement around resonant frequency overcomes the limitations that are essentially complexity and dependency on the precisely modelled system associated with the use of various controllers such as Adaptive, Predictive and Hysteresis in grid connected PV power generation systems. The proposed PR-P controller was validated employing Photovoltaic emulator (PVE) consisting of a DC-DC Buck power converter, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm and a full-bridge grid connected inverter designed using MATLAB/Simulink system platform. Details of the proposed controller, Photovoltaic emulator (PVE) simulations, analysis and test results were presented in the paper.
In this study, a novel PV emulator and the state-of-art learning–based real-time hybrid global search adaptive perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm have been presented. The prime objective of the constructed emulator based on integration of unilluminated solar panels with an external current source to overcome the constraints such as the need for wide surrounding space, high installation cost, and lack of control over the environmental conditions. Moreover, the developed algorithm resolved the drawbacks of the conventional P&O MPPT method associated with the use of a constant perturbation size that leads to poor transient response, high continuous steady-state oscillation, and inefficient tracking performance of maximum power point voltage in the presence of partial shading. The intended algorithm has been verified using MATLAB/Simulink by applying comparative analysis with the conventional P&O MPPT. In addition, the performance of the proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with the implementation of MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow a on dSPACE Real-Time-Interface (RTI) 1007 processor board and DS2004 A/D and CP4002 Digital I/O boards. The results indicate that the algorithm is effective in reducing power losses and faster in tracking the speed of the maximum power point with less oscillation. In addition, excellent dynamic characteristics of the proposed emulator have been proven to be an ideal tool for testing PV inverters and various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms for commercial applications and university studies.
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