Unity Proportional Gain Resonant and Gain Scheduled Proportional (PR-P) Controller-Based Variable Perturbation Size Real-Time Adaptive Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT Algorithm for PV Systems

Abstract

In this paper, Proportional Gain Resonant and Gain Scheduled Proportional (PR-P) Controller based variable perturbation size real-time adaptive perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is presented. The proposed control scheme resolved the drawbacks of conventional P&O MPPT method associated with the use of constant perturbation size that leads to poor transient response and high continuous steady-state oscillations. The prime objective of using the PR-P controller is to utilize inherited properties of the signal produced by the controller's resonant path and integrate it to update best estimated perturbation that represents the working principle of extremum seeking control (ESC) to use in P&O algorithm that characterizes the overall system learning-based real time adaptive (RTA). Additionally, utilization of internal dynamics of the PR-P controller overcome the challenges namely, complexity, computational burden, implantation cost and slow tracking performance in association with commonly used soft computing intelligent systems and adaptive control strategies. The proposed control scheme is verified using MATLAB/Simulink by applying comparative analysis with PI controlled conventional P&O MPPT algorithm. Moreover, performance of the proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with the implementation of MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow on dSPACE Real-time-interface (RTI) 1007 processor board, DS2004 A/D and CP4002 Digital I/O boards. The experimental results and analysis reveal that the proposed control strategy enhanced the tracking speed five times with reduced steadystate oscillations around maximum power point (MPP) and more than 99% energy extracting efficiency.INDEX TERMS Enhanced adaptive P&O MPPT, extremum seeking control, photovoltaic emulator, proportional resonant controller, state-space averaging, time and frequency domain analysis.

Experimental validation and intelligent control of a stand-alone solar energy conversion system using dSPACE platform

“…If the power change is positive, a little voltage fluctuation affects the power of the solar panel, and the voltage perturbation continues in the same direction. However, if delta power is negative, the MPP is far away, and the perturbation must be reduced to approach it (Yanarates et al, 2021). The P&O algorithm is summarized in Table 3.…”

External Current Source–Based Unilluminated PV Partial Shading Emulation System Verified Through the Hybrid Global Search Adaptive Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm

“…The operational principle of the proposed PV source emulating system is by connecting an external current source in parallel with a solar panel (Zhou and Macaulay, 2017;Yanarates et al, 2021).…”

Intelligent MPPT control for SEPIC-Luo converter in grid tied photovoltaic system

“…There are many algorithms available that track MPPs. Most of them are simpler, such those that rely on current feedback and voltage while others, like an incremental conductance (IncCond) or perturbation and observation (P&O) method [19]- [21] are more challenging. They also differ in terms of their uses, popularity, and operational range, speed of convergence, cost, and capacity to identify numerous local maxima.…”