External Current Source–Based Unilluminated PV Partial Shading Emulation System Verified Through the Hybrid Global Search Adaptive Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm

Abstract

In this study, a novel PV emulator and the state-of-art learning–based real-time hybrid global search adaptive perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm have been presented. The prime objective of the constructed emulator based on integration of unilluminated solar panels with an external current source to overcome the constraints such as the need for wide surrounding space, high installation cost, and lack of control over the environmental conditions. Moreover, the developed algorithm resolved the drawbacks of the conventional P&O MPPT method associated with the use of a constant perturbation size that leads to poor transient response, high continuous steady-state oscillation, and inefficient tracking performance of maximum power point voltage in the presence of partial shading. The intended algorithm has been verified using MATLAB/Simulink by applying comparative analysis with the conventional P&O MPPT. In addition, the performance of the proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with the implementation of MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow a on dSPACE Real-Time-Interface (RTI) 1007 processor board and DS2004 A/D and CP4002 Digital I/O boards. The results indicate that the algorithm is effective in reducing power losses and faster in tracking the speed of the maximum power point with less oscillation. In addition, excellent dynamic characteristics of the proposed emulator have been proven to be an ideal tool for testing PV inverters and various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms for commercial applications and university studies.

Assessment of solar load models for bifacial PV panels

“…In studies by Sun et al (2018) and Kopecek and Libal (2021), bifacial solar panels are claimed to increase energy yield by 10%-30% when used on highly reflecting light-colored surfaces. Coupled with an efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm such as learningbased real-time hybrid global search adaptive approach of Wang et al (2022) can yield greater energy extracting efficiency. Furthermore, different approaches can be used to reduce the inherent noise of the system (Arshad et al, 2022;Chen et al, 2022).…”

Photovoltaic Emulation System and Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm Under Partial Shading Conditions

“…The MPPT technique is one of the PV energy generation system's components. The MPPT makes sure the maximum power is taken from the PV module for a given irradiation condition [5].…”

“…As an alternative, therefore, PV simulators are beginning to attract the attention of researchers. The PV emulator provides controlled environmental conditions indoors for faster and more efficient testing of experiments related to solar power systems [5,6].…”

“…Some of these methods are based on fixed-step methods; therefore, they can lead to considerable power losses due to oscillations that occur when the PV system is operating at the maximum power point [43]. In addition, under complex irradiation conditions, the conventional MPPT algorithm may lead to tracking failure of the PV system [5].…”