ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMikrobielle Kontaminationen von Schallköpfen, kutan oder endokavitär angewandt, sind häufig, tatsächliche Infektionen nach Sonografien werden jedoch nur kasuistisch berichtet. In Deutschland existieren rechtliche Vorschriften zur Schallkopfhygiene. Ein Expertengremium der DEGUM hat vor dem Hintergrund der Vorschriften und der verfügbaren Literatur differenzierte Empfehlungen zur Hygiene in der Sonografie und der Endosonografie, einschließlich der ultraschallgestütz-ten Interventionen, formuliert.

The first part of the guidelines and recommendations for musculoskeletal ultrasound, produced under the auspices of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB), provides information about the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound for assessing extraarticular structures (muscles, tendons, entheses, ligaments, bones, bursae, fasciae, nerves, skin, subcutaneous tissues, and nails) and their pathologies. Clinical applications, practical points, limitations, and artifacts are described and discussed for every structure. After an extensive literature review, the recommendations have been developed according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine and GRADE criteria and the consensus level was established through a Delphi process. The document is intended to guide clinical users in their daily practice.

The second part of the Guidelines and Recommendations for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (MSUS), produced under the auspices of EFSUMB, following the same methodology as for Part 1, provides information and recommendations on the use of this imaging modality for joint pathology, pediatric applications, and musculoskeletal ultrasound-guided procedures. Clinical application, practical points, limitations, and artifacts are described and discussed for every joint or procedure. The document is intended to guide clinical users in their daily practice.

In non-occlusive segmental portal hypertension due to chronic pancreatitis, resection, but not drainage, restores normal venous splanchnic blood flow.

In non-occlusive segmental portal hypertension due to chronic pancreatitis, resection, but not drainage, restores normal venous splanchnic blood flow.