Table 7 shifts upward by 0.1 resulting in a decrease of X 2 by about 0.2. 11. The sign of the right-hand-side of Eq. (A.34a) should be minus: 1/4m 2 should be -1/4m~. 12. The sign of the right-hand-side of Eq. (A.34b) should be minus: 1/4(m 2 -m~v) should be -1/4(m~ -m~v).We thank Ben Bullock for pointing out the errors 11 and 12.

No abstract

In a rapidly increasing Korean population, the lower socioeconomic groups as well as individuals with DM were significantly more likely to present with periodontitis.

FGF-2 expansion of stem cells from inflamed pulp tissues of human deciduous teeth can be a good source of stem cells for future clinical applications and a novel way of using discarded inflamed tissues.

We present a model-independent analysis of exclusive rare B decays, B→K ( * ) . The effect of possible new physics is written in terms of dimension-6 four-Fermi interactions. The lepton number violating scalarand tensor-type interactions are included, and they induce B→K ( * ) ( ) decays. We show systematically how the branching ratios and missing mass-squared spectrum depend on the coefficients of the four-Fermi interactions. ͓S0556-2821͑99͒00421-X͔ PACS number͑s͒: 13.20.He †

We study muonium-antimuonium conversion and µ + e − → µ − e + scattering within two different lepton-flavor-violating models with heavy neutrinos: model I is a typical seesaw that violates lepton number as well as flavor; model II has a neutrino mass texture where lepton number is conserved. We look for the largest possible amplitudes of these processes that are consistent with current bounds. We find that model I has very limited chance of providing an observable signal, except if a finely tuned condition in parameter space occurs. Model II, on the other hand, requires no fine tuning and could cause larger effects. However, the maximum amplitude provided by this model is still two orders of magnitude below the sensitivity of current experiments: one predicts an effective coupling G MM up to 10 −4 GF for heavy neutrino masses near 10 TeV. We have also clarified some discrepancies in previous literature on this subject.

We investigate possibilities for detecting heavy Majorana neutrinos (N's) in e 1 e 2 at LEP200 and future linear colliders. We concentrate on the processes where the pairs of intermediate heavy N's produce a clear signal of total lepton number violation ͑e 1 e 2 ! NN ! W 1 l 2 W 1 l 02 ͒. Such a signal is not possible if the heavy neutrinos are of Dirac nature. Our approach is general in the sense that the intermediate N's can be either on shell or off shell. Discussion of the relative numerical importance of the s and the t 1 u channels of the NN production is also included. [S0031-9007(99) There has been a significant amount of activity in the high energy physics community towards discerning the nature of the neutrino sector. A basic question is: Are neutrinos Dirac or Majorana particles? If there are no right-handed currents, then it is virtually impossible to discern the nature of the light neutrinos [1]. If there are heavy neutrinos ͑M ϳ 10 2 GeV͒, then present and future experiments offer a realistic prospect of establishing their nature. The production cross section of heavy Majorana neutrinos (N's), mostly via the e 1 e 2 collisions, has therefore been investigated in the past [2]. Most of these works have been done within specific (classes of) models, and it has been assumed that the center-of-mass (CMS) energy p s in the process is high enough for the production of on-shell (OS) heavy N's. The effects of the offshell (nOS) N's have been ignored. Moreover, to our knowledge, various distributions of N's decay products ͓N ! W 6 ᐉ 7 ͑! jets 1 ᐉ 7 ͔͒, which are produced in the full reaction and which can actually be detected, have not been investigated in a quantitative way. The main reason for this was that the expressions for invariant amplitudes with two on-shell N's apparently do not allow a straightforward calculation of such distributions. We note that the detection of events for the reactions e 1 e 2 ! NN ! W 6 ᐉ 7 W 6 ᐉ 07 ! jets 1 ᐉ 7 ᐉ 07 , which violate the total lepton number, would be a clear signal of the Majorana character of the intermediate neutrinos.We present some results of calculations for the aforementioned reactions. We do not restrict ourselves to any specific (classes of) models. In contrast to the available literature, our approach allows us to account also for the effects of off-shell intermediate N's on the cross sections s. This enables us to investigate deviations from the previously known s's, in the "2OS" kinematic region ͑ p s . 2M . 2M W ͒ where both intermediate N's can, but need not, be on shell-these deviations are termed "finite width effects." Our approach allows us to calculate the s's, and various distributions, also in the "1OS"where at most one intermediate N can (but need not) be on shell, and in the "nOS" region ͑M 1 M W . p s ͒, where both N's always have to be off shell. Our approach makes possible a straightforward calculation of various distributions of final particles. As an illustration, we include an angular distribution of the final state leptons ᐉ, ᐉ 0 ....

In this article we study the rare B-meson decay via two on-shell almost-degenerate Majorana Heavy Neutrinos, into two charged leptons and two pseudoscalar mesons ($$B^{\pm } \rightarrow D^0 \ell ^{\pm }_1 \ell ^{\pm }_2 \pi ^{\mp }$$ B ± → D 0 ℓ 1 ± ℓ 2 ± π ∓ ). We consider the scenario where the heavy neutrino masses are $$\sim 2$$ ∼ 2 GeV and the heavy-light mixing coefficients are $$|B_{\ell N}|^2 \sim 10^{-5}$$ | B ℓ N | 2 ∼ 10 - 5 , and evaluate the possibility to measure the CP-asymmetry at Belle II. We present some realistic conditions under which the asymmetry could be detected.