. 2000. Individual intake of mineral and molasses supplements by cows, heifers and calves. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 681-690. In two pastures, two multiplex radio frequency (RF) mineral feeders (GrowSafe Systems Ltd.) equipped with load cells were used to monitor feeder attendance and individual intake of mineral by 33 and 36 cow-calf pairs individually identified by RF transponders. A visit was defined as a return to the feeder after a 5-min absence. In exp. 1, attendance of cows and calves at the feeder and intake of mineral were monitored over 13 d. Sodium chloride was included in the mineral at 9.8% (low salt, LS) on days 1 to 6, and at 22.5% (high salt, HS) on days 7 to 13. Percentages of cows and calves that visited the feeder were similar between LS (60.9% and 21.7% respectively) and HS (62.3% and 24.6%). Number of visits (P > 0.05) and daily mineral intake (P < 0.1) were reduced in cows fed HS as compared with LS. Cows had more visits (P < 0.001) and consumed more mineral (P < 0.001) than did calves. In exp. 2, HS as is (control, C) or formulated to contain 0.468% fenbendazole (FB) was provided for 6 d to 36 and 32 cow-calf pairs in adjacent pastures. All of the cows and 93.8% of the calves attended the FB feeder, whereas only 77.8% of the cows and 33.3% of the calves attended the feeder containing C. Fenbendazole increased visits per day (P < 0.05) by both cows and calves. Intakes of FB and C did not differ, but cows consumed more (P < 0.001) mineral than did calves. In exp. 3, variability in intake of proteinmolasses blocks by cows and heifers was examined. Intake differed by animal (P < 0.01), but was similar between cows and heifers. Individual average intake was 445 g d -1 with a range of 0 to 1650 g d -1 . These experiments demonstrate that universal and uniform consumption of an additive in mineral or molasses supplements by individuals in a herd cannot be assumed. To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail: mcallister@em.agr.ca) Abbreviations: ADF, acid detergent fibre; BW, body weight; C, mineral mix containing no fenbendazole (control); CP, crude protein; FB, mineral mix containing 0.486% fenbendazole; HS, mineral mix containing 22.5% sodium chloride (high salt); LS, mineral mix containing 9.8% sodium chloride (low salt); RF, radio frequency Can. J. Anim. Sci. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by 18.236.198.91 on 05/09/18For personal use only.
. 2003. Prevalence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium andersoni and their effects on performance in feedlot beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 153-159. Sixty individually housed Charolais crossbred steers originating from one ranch source had a 12-d (days 0-12) adaptation period in their pens to adjust to their ration and surroundings, followed by two consecutive backgrounding periods (85.5% roughage, 12% concentrate rations) with durations of 84 d (days 13-97) and 63 d (days 98-153), respectively. Steers had a 21-d adaptation period (days 154-174), followed by a 77-d (days 175-257) finishing period (20% roughage, 75% concentrate ration). Fecal samples and animal weights were collected from each steer every 28 d initially, then every 21 d during a test duration of 257 d. Feed weighbacks were performed weekly for each steer. Fecal samples were processed, and Giardia duodenalis cysts and Cryptosporidium andersoni oocysts were counted. ADG, DMI and FE were calculated for each of the periods (Backgrounding Period 1, Backgrounding Period 2, Finishing Period 3 and Overall). Overall prevalence of C. andersoni and G. duodenalis was 85 and 82%, respectively. There was a decrease (P < 0.05) in the percentage of G. duodenalis infected steers from day 132 to the completion of the trial. The percentage of C. andersoni infected steers decreased (P < 0.05) from day 97 to the completion of the trial (day 257). Shedding of G. duodenalis cysts and C. andersoni oocysts in the feces was intermittent throughout the trial period. A comparison between the ADG, DMI and FE of G. duodenalis infected and non-infected steers demonstrated no overall differences (P > 0.05). A similar comparison between C. andersoni infected and non-infected steers showed no overall difference (P > 0.05) with the exception of a lower (P < 0.05) DMI for infected steers. The degree of Giardia or C. andersoni infection observed in the present study did not effect DMI, ADG or FE of feedlot steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 153-159. On a laissé soixante bouvillons hybrides de type Charolais issus du même élevage dans leur stalle individuelle pendant 12 jours (j0 à j12) pour les laisser s'adapter à leur environnement et à leur ration. Les animaux ont par la suite été engraissés (85,5 % de fourrages grossiers plus 12 % de concentré) en deux périodes consécutives de 84 (j13 à j97) et de 63 jours (j98 à j153), respectivement. Les bouvillons ont ensuite eu 21 jours (j154 à j174) pour s'adapter avant de recevoir une ration de finition (20 % de fourrages grossiers plus 75 % de concentré) pendant 77 jours (j175 à j257). L'animal a été pesé et des échan-tillons de fèces ont été prélevés tous les 28 jours au départ, puis tous les 21 jours au cours des 257 jours de l'expérience. Le poids des bouvillons était aussi mesuré chaque semaine pour contrôler le poids des aliments consommés. Les échantillons de fèces ont servi à calculer le nombre de kystes de Giardia duodenalis et d'ookystes de Cryptosporidium andersoni. Les auteurs ont établi le gain quotidien moyen, l'ingestion de matiè...
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