Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder involves altered homeostasis of oxidants-antioxidants, inflammatory process and endothelial dysfunction. The present study aim was to determine the levels of oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, ischemia modified albumin and xanthine oxidase), nutrient antioxidants (vitamin C and vitamin E), enzyme antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase), total antioxidant status (TAS) and its association with nitric oxide. The study population consists of three groups, non pregnants (Group 1, n = 57), normotensive pregnants (Group 2, n = 57) and Preeclampsia (Group 3, n = 57). Group 2 and 3 were followed after delivery within 48 h. In preeclampsia xanthine oxidase, malondialdehyde and uric acid levels were significantly increased ( < 0.001), while TAS decreased ( < 0.05) when compared to normotensive pregnant and non pregnant. Catalase, glutathione reductase levels were increased ( < 0.005) and vitamin E, super oxide dismutase levels were decreased ( < 0.001) in preeclampsia when compared to normal pregnants. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed area under curve for xanthine oxidase (0.8), malondialdehyde (0.804), Uric acid (0.84), ischemia modified albumin (0.92) and catalase (0.88) which indicated as good markers in preeclampsia. Amongst, ischemia modified albumin is a better marker of intrauterine hypoxic reperfusion risk with sensitivity 87.7 % and specificity 91.2 %. The increased hydrogen peroxide from xanthine oxidase adds to oxidative stress and increased catalase activity in preeclampsia represents combating action. Increased oxidative stress, decreased TAS and its apparent reversible changes evinced within 48 h after delivery in preeclampsia illustrated that placental abnormality is the contributing factor in the pathogenesis.

We noticed a high frequency of MTHFR specifically T allele associated with paternal side.Therefore, the present study indicated the impact of paternal gene polymorphism of MTHFR C677T on screening in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Preeclampsia (PE) is the most common hypertensive disease of pregnancy, leads to maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality, which accounts for 2-8% of pregnancies. Preeclampsia is characterized by new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation.The exact cause of preeclampsia is not clear. Aim of this study is to investigate the association between maternal serum apelin13, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, markers of oxidative stress in healthy pregnant women and preeclamptic women. This prospective study comprises 140 pregnant women consists of 70 preeclamptic women treated as cases and 70 nor motensive healthy pregnant women as controls. Five mL blood sample was collected, centrifuged to obtain serum/plasma and was stored at -80°C for further testing. Plasma was used for Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and complete blood countwas done. Routine parameters like random blood sugar, renal profile, liver enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), apelin 13 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)were also analyzed. Corresponding urine sample was tested for protein. Study results showed lower gestational age (36.99±3.48 weeks) and demographic details such as elevated blood pressure [systolic (156.80±13.71 mmHg),diastolic (101.97±10.70 mmHg),and mean arterial pressure (120.88±11.02 mmHg)], BMI (27.42±3.80 kg/m2) and pulse rate (87.68±5.74 bpm) were observed in cases than controls. The biological markers namely serum MDA (18.57±7.52μmoles/L) levels were significantly increased and nitric oxide (6.47±1.22μmoles/L), FRAP (1292.10±525.38 mmol/L), apelin 13(312.42±189.00pg/ml) andeNOS(5.07±2.30 ng/ml)levels were significantly decreased in cases.Mean arterial pressure was negatively correlatedwithApelin 13 (r=-0.179), NO (r=-0.065), FRAP (r=-0.169), and birth weight (r=-0.281) and eNOS (r= 0.013), MDA (r= 0.022) were positively correlated with mean arterial pressure. The study concludes that reduced levels of apelin 13, eNOS, FRAP,NO and high oxidative stress, contribute to pathogenesis of preeclampsia and adverse perinatal outcome. It also demands sufficient evidence for the functional role of apelin 13 as a target in hypertension regulation.