Fruits and vegetables are important constituents of the diet and provide significant quantities of nutrients, especially vitamins, minerals and fiber. Beetroots (Beta vulgaris L.) are a rich source of potent antioxidants and minerals including magnesium, sodium and potassium. It contains betaine, which is important for cardiovascular health. Beetroots are low in calories (about 45 Kcal per 100 g) and have zero cholesterol. The study was conducted to improve the nutritional qualities of cookies with incorporation of different levels of beetroot powder i.e. 0, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 20 %, and examined for its physical and chemical composition. The proximate composition of cookies enriched with beetroot powder from 5 to 20% indicated that protein was increased from 7.39 to 9.12 %, crude fibre 0.95 to 1.90 % and ash content 0.93 to1.89 %. The incorporation of beetroot powder in cookies lowered the lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) but increased redness (a*) of cookies. The hardness of the cookies was increased with increasing the level of beetroot powder. Sensory evaluation of cookies concluded that the cookies prepared with addition of 10% beetroot powder were more acceptable as compared to others.

A study was undertaken to evaluate the economics of feeding protected protein and protected fat in crossbred cows. The feeding trial of 4 months duration was conducted on 24 crossbred cattle which were subjected to treatment T 0 (Control), T 1 (Protectedprotein), T 2 ( Protected fat) and T 3 (Protected protein and fat) . Crossbred cows in second to fourth lactation with most probable production ability (MPPA) of average 2300 liter milk production per lactation for each group were selected. All animals were fed with 2/3 DM through roughages (2/3 from dry and 1/3 from green) + 1/3 DM from concentrate mixture. In T 0 and T 2 groups untreated groundnut cake was given in ration. Whereas, in T 1 and T 3 groups, groundnut cake was treated with formaldehyde (FA) (@ 1.0 gm FA /100g CP). Also bypass fat (99%) was supplemented in T 2 and T 3 groups @ 10 gm per liter milk production. Daily DM intake and daily milk yield for individual animals were recorded. The data generated during experimental period were analyzed by Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with SAS, 9.3 versions.The DMI was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T 3 (12.72) followed by T 1 (12.59), T 0 (12.47) and T 2 (12.23). However, the DMI/ 100 kg body weight was 3.05, 3.01, 3.13 and 2.81 kg/d in T 0 , T 1 , T 2 and T 3, respectively with non significant treatment. The average milk production during supplementation period was 9.82, 11.76, 11.41 and 12.43 kg/d in group T 0 , T 1 , T 2 and T 3, respectively which was significantly 16.49% higher in T 1 , 13.93% higher in T 2 and 20.99% in T 3 over T 0. The net return over feed cost was highest in T 3 group followed by T 1 and T 2 over T 0.

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