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We present a case of aneurysm of bilateral innominate veins and vena cava superior. Chest X-ray, computed tomography, and 3D contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography findings are described. The etiology of venous aneurysms is reviewed and clinical management options are discussed.

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Background: The Rome IV includes a redefinition of functional gastrointestinal disorders and diagnostic criteria. The present study aimed to compare the Rome III and Rome IV classification results and to reveal their differences in children with chronic abdominal pain. Methods: The present study is a prospective observational cohort study. Three hundred forty-four children, who were admitted to the pediatric gastroenterology clinic, had abdominal pain for more than 2 months, and were not diagnosed with an organic disease, were included in our study. Results: In children with chronic abdominal pain, Rome IV criteria did not cause a change in the number of patients diagnosed with functional abdominal pain disorders according to Rome III (89.8% vs 89.2%, P >.05). Functional abdominal pain and functional abdominal pain syndrome were the most common diagnoses in Rome III and functional abdominal pain, not otherwise specified in Rome IV. When compared to Rome III, while the diagnosis of functional dyspepsia increased in Rome IV, irritable bowel syndrome decreased. Conclusion: In children with chronic abdominal pain, Rome IV criteria did not cause a change in the number of patients diagnosed with functional abdominal pain disorders according to Rome III, but it caused a diagnostic shift. It was seen that some of the children diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome in Rome III shifted to functional dyspepsia diagnosis in Rome IV.

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Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of renal parenchymal density differences in distinguishing between acute and chronic urinary dilatations. Material and methods Retrospectively, unenhanced CTs of 98 patients were evaluated. Thirty-three had acute urinary obstruction, and 33 had chronic urinary obstruction. Parenchymal density values (HU) and renal pelvic anterior-posterior (AP) diameters of all groups were evaluated by two different radiologists who were unaware of each other and the content of the study. The t -test was used to compare parenchymal densities and renal pelvic diameter differences with normal, acute urinary dilation and chronic urinary dilation groups. Results Of the 98 cases who were included in the study, 33 people were in the acute obstruction group (7 females, 26 males), and 33 were in the chronic obstruction group. However, the second observer (observer 2) found a statistically significant difference ( p < 0.01) during the measurements of density between the obstructed and normal sides. While for the first observer (observer 1), the correlation between right and left renal density measurements of the normal cases was moderate at 0.576; correlation of measurements done by the second observer was found to be high at 0.777. Conclusions Pale kidney findings seems to be helpful in diagnosis of acute urinary occlusion, but different results are obtained with evaluations made by different observers. Moreover, it is not a specific finding because oedema can also be seen in some other conditions, such as acute pyelonephritis; for this reason, one must be careful during the evaluation of this finding.

Ischiofemoral impingement (ISFI) is the compression of the quadratus femoris muscle resulting from the narrowed distance between the lesser trochanter and the ischial bone. Congenital factors (such as developmental hip dysplasia), positional conditions (such as femoral anteversion), intertrochanteric fractures, osteotomy, and osteoarthritis may lead to the superior and medial displacement of the femur which is causing the ISFI. According to the literature, osteochondroma (OC) is not described among the main etiological factors of ISFI. There is only one case report about the relationship between ISFI and OC. We present two ISFI cases due to OC accompanied by radiological findings. Our patients are 19 and 32 years old. Our article is the first case series on this topic.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the normal dimensions and shape of the sella turcica (ST) in the Turkish population using multidetector computed tomography. Methods: This single-center, retrospective study included 188 patients who met the study criteria and had paranasal multidetector computed tomography taken between January 2019 and December 2019. The patients included in the study comprised 77 females and 111 males. The whole patient group was separated into 3 age groups of 18 to 25 years (group 1), 25 to 40 years (group 2), and 40 years and over (group 3). They were also separated according to gender. Results: The mean length of the ST was determined as 8.52 ± 1.42 mm (min-max 4.61–12.73 mm), mean height as 7.00 ± 1.31 mm (min-max 3.00–10.51 mm), mean aperture as 6.50 ± 2.00 mm (min-max 2.24–12.51 mm), and mean width as 11.01 ± 1.50 mm (min-max 7.78–14.94 mm). No statistically significant difference was determined between the length, height, width, and aperture size values of the ST according to gender and age groups. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated no significant difference in ST dimensions according to gender or age groups. It can be considered that the shape and dimensions of the ST can be more accurately evaluated with computed tomography and classification can be more robustly applied.