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This study evaluated the effects of the addition of encapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus and green banana biomass on the characteristics of requeijão cremoso processed cheese during the storage period of 45 days under refrigeration. The elaborated requeijões cremosos processed cheeses included addition of encapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus as probiotic source, and green banana biomass as partial fat substitute, in a total of five treatments. Analyses were performed to evaluate probiotic viability, microbiological conditions, centesimal composition (moisture, fat, fat in dry extract, protein, ashes, carbohydrates), water activity, resistant starch, colour, texture, lipid profile and sensory acceptability. The addition of green banana biomass and fat reduction resulted in changes in the centesimal composition of the cheeses, with their moisture indexes increased and protein decreased, the F1 formulation was the only one that can be considered as low fat content and was also the one that presented higher moisture. The yellowish white coloration of the formulations was altered as a function of the composition as well as the texture parameters, F1 and F3 treatments presented the greatest changes. Probiotic viability did not differ between formulations, it only changed over time.

Functional foods are those that bring benefits to human health beyond nutrition such as the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, allergies and intestinal problems. Among the functional foods highly consumed worldwide, yogurt is highlighted, especially in the probiotic and symbiotic versions. The aim of this study was to use the Jerusalem artichoke tuber flour (Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a new prebiotic source for the development of functional yogurt. The identification and quantification of the fructans of the Jerusalem artichoke flour was performed and later yoghurt formulations were elaborated. These yogurts were submitted to analyses of centesimal composition, shelf life and sensorial evaluation. For the biological evaluation, a symbiotic yogurt formulation was chosen (the best accepted in sensorial evaluation) and included in the feed of New Zealand white rabbits, in the growth and final phase. The in vivo experiment had three distinct groups (control group, probiotic group and symbiotic group). At the end of 50 days of experiment, the animals were euthanized and submitted to the serological and cecal microbiota evaluation. Through this study, the prebiotic/bifidogenic capacity of Jerusalem artichoke flour was evidenced.

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Evaluation of nanoparticles obtained from starch is still on a laboratory scale and many challenges need to be overcome up to the industrial scale. In this review, information about the study and development of nanostarches are reported based on a discussion of concepts, production methods, as well as physico-chemical and technological characterization, safety and applications. The usual methods of producing nanostarches (such as acid hydrolysis, enzymatic pretreatment, high pressure homogenization and ultrasound) are discussed in this review, as well as the advancement of applications in the food industry (as in Pickering emulsion, carriers, films and nanocomposite production). Due to the wide variety of data, a protocol for the analysis of starch nanostructures is suggested. However, methods for quantifying starch nanoparticles are based on yield by weight, and no quantification method has yet been presented for processed products. All reports present a promising future for several areas, both in research and industrial applications, as they are considered as open doors to the many challenges on this research area.

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A mandioca tem potencial para tornar-se uma das principais alternativas forrageiras para a alimentação animal, como fonte de proteína para substituir ou complementar as rações a base de soja e milho, que apresentam custo elevado. Devido ao desperdício da parte aérea, que é rica em proteína, o trabalho objetivou comparar os teores proteicos de cultivares de mandioca de mesa e forrageiras na forma de silagem elaborada com diferentes proporções de parte aérea e raízes, a fim de fomentar seu uso e fornecer informações para os produtores rurais. Duas formulações de silagem foram elaboradas, uma com 70% de parte aérea e 30% de raízes (70/30) e outra com 80% de parte aérea e 20% de raízes (80/20). Foram determinados os teores de proteína bruta (PB) e massa seca (MS) das silagens e das partições da planta (raiz, haste, pecíolo e folha). As silagens 70/30 apresentaram uma média 24,9% de MS e 14,3% de PB, e na 80/20, 24,0% de MS e 16,2% de PB. Os maiores teores de proteína foram encontrados nas cultivares forrageiras (Fepagro RS 13 e Polly). A folha foi a partição da planta que apresentou os teores mais elevados de proteína.                                                                             PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Alimentação animal, Proteína, Ensilagem, Parte aérea.