The heterogeneity of published data regarding post-stroke depression (PSD) prompted an Italian multicenter observational study (DESTRO), which took place in 2000-2003. The investigation involved 53 Italian neurology centers: of these, 50 treat acute patients and 3 provide rehabilitation care; 21 centres are in Northern Italy, 20 are in Central Italy, and 12 are in Southern Italy. The time schedule was articulated into three phases: registration of 6289 stroke patients; selection of 1817 cases and enrollment of 1074 patients; and follow-up for two years (1064 patients). Mood assessment was performed by evaluating depressive symptoms according to DSM IV and the Beck depression inventory (visual analog mood scale for aphasic patients). Depressed patients were also administered the Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale. Scores were related to function (Barthel index, modified Rankin scale), cognition (MMSE), quality of life (SF-36), and clinical data. Data analysis will provide information on PSD prevalence, onset and evolution, correlation with ischemic clinical syndrome, impact on activities of daily living, cognitive level and quality of life. The few data available at the present time concern PSD prevalence in the first six months after stroke (33.6%). DESTRO is a longitudinal investigation of a large patient sample and is expected to provide insights into the relationship of PDS with the functional and clinical consequences of stroke.
Objective: The study aimed to determine the association between postural changes and practice of classical ballet among ballerinas from Integrated Administrative Region of Development (RIDE) in Polo Petrolina/PE and Juazeiro/BA. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with 19 classical ballerinas aged over 15 years and at least 5 years of uninterrupted classical ballet practice. The anthropometric assessment included measurements of total body mass, height and body mass index (BMI). Postural evaluation was performed using the photogrammetric method with help of Posturograma ® and SAPO © software. Results: The mean age was 25.3±11.7 years and the mean BMI was 21.4±2.9 kg/m². Approximately 74% of classical ballerinas had normal anthropometric profile. The postural profile of the classical ballerinas showed inclination and protrusion of the head, trunk rotation, rectification of cervical lordosis, increased thoracic kyphosis, increased lumbar lordosis, pelvic inclination and anteversion. Conclusion: The practice of ballet led to changes in body alignment of the classical ballerinas evaluated. The results points out to the need of postural re-education in order to contribute for the kinetic-functional balance of classical ballet practitioners.Keywords: Dancing; Posture; Photogrammetry; Spine; Body Mass Index. RESUMO objetivo: o estudo teve como objetivo verificar a associação entre alterações posturais e a prática do balé clássico em bailarinas da região administrativa integrada de desenvolvimento (ride) do
Objective: To analyze the degree of physical disability in the elderly population affected by leprosy in Bahia State, between 2001 and 2012. Methods: The data relating to cases of leprosy was obtained from National System of Notifiable Diseases. Variables analyzed gender, age, race/color, education level, clinical and operational classification, degree of physical incapacity in diagnosis and discharge. Epidemiological indicators related to physical incapacity were calculated. Results: The leprosy features high magnitude in the elderly population, with a coefficient of detection of new cases higher than the general population, situated at a hyperendemic level. As to the epidemiological profile of leprosy in elderly, stands out: men, age 60 to 69 years, white race, low education level, dimorphic clinical manifestation and multibacillary operational classification. 36.25% of diagnosed cases had a physical incapacity at the time of diagnosis, with emphasis on the masculine gender. Conclusion: The high proportion of individuals with physical incapacity at the time of diagnosis suggests late diagnosis and hidden prevalence of the disease, mostly in Individuals of the male gender.
RESUMOO mundo e as sociedades têm passado por transformações intensas. Nelas, incluímos também as transformações nos campos dos saberes e práticas humanas. Nesse cenário, temos nos perguntado como tornar significativos os conteúdos acadêmicos dos currículos dos cursos de graduação. É com essa consigna que este trabalho foi desenvolvido, sendo seu objetivo discutir as diferentes ferramentas de ensino-aprendizagem disponíveis atualmente, bem como refletir sobre a importância das metodologias ativas para a formação dos profissionais da saúde. Assim, nos debruçamos sobre a literatura disponível e analisamos à luz da atualidade e da cientificidade os principais temas relacionados a essas novas formas de ensinar e de aprender. Ainda em tempo, será discutido, breve e sinteticamente, nesse intercurso, os aspectos mais relevantes para a formação de facilitador de grupos de metodologias ativas. Palavras-chave: Educação. Metodologias ativas. Ensino-aprendizagem. Aprendizado. Facilitação. ABSTRACTThe world and societies have under gone profound transformations. These transformations also include the changes in the fields of human knowledge and practices. In this scenario, we have asked ourselves how to become significant academic contents of the curriculum of undergraduate courses. It is with this objective that this work was developed, being your objective to discuss the different teaching and learning tools available today, as well as reflect on the importance of active methods for the training of health professionals. Thus, we look back on the literature and analyzed in the light of current scientific and key issues related to these new forms of teaching and learning. Just in time, it will be discussed soon and synthetically, in passing, the most relevant aspects for the training facilitator of active methodologies groups.
Introdução: Exercícios do método Pilates têm sido utilizados como recurso para modificar parâmetros antropométricos e hemodinâmicos, além de reduzir a intensidade da dor lombar crônica inespecífica (DLCI). Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento de parâmetros antropométricos e hemodinâmicos e da intensidade dolorosa em indivíduos com DLCI submetidos a um protocolo de exercícios de Pilates no solo ou a estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (TENS). Metodologia: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado, com 36 portadores de DLCI de ambos os sexos com idades entre 18 a 59 anos. Os indivíduos foram alocados aleatoriamente em grupo controle (GC; n=17), tratado por meio da TENS e grupo de exercícios de Pilates (GP; n=19). Os desfechos primários foram as medidas antropométricas e a porcentagem de gordura. Os desfechos secundários foram a intensidade dolorosa, avaliada por meio da escala analógica visual (EAV), a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), a pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) e a frequência cardíaca de repouso (FCR). Resultados: Não houve diferença entre os grupos na análise comparativa dos dados antropométricos (P>0,05). Houve redução significativa (P<0,001) da intensidade da DLCI tanto no GC quanto no GP. Foram identificadas reduções significativas na PAS (P=0,002) e na FCR (P=0,029) apenas no GP. Conclusão: Tanto a TENS como os exercícios de Pilates no solo são eficazes na redução da intensidade da DLCI em curto prazo. O protocolo de exercícios de Pilates aplicado neste estudo não provocou alteração de parâmetros antropométricos, porém, foi eficaz na redução dos níveis da PAS e da FCR em curto prazo.
Objective: To determine the incidence of cervicobrachial order discomforts in Elementary Public School teachers from 1st to 4th years in the city of Pato Branco -PR. Methods: Cross-sectional study made with 160 public school teachers from 1st to 4th years in the city of Pato Branco -PR. Data collection was made from a structured questionnaire, and a physical examination with manual palpation and orthopedic tests. Results: The obtained data showed the presence of pain in the trapezius muscle region, on the left side, in 52.5%; and, on the right side, in 50.6%. The analysis also showed that there is a strong relationship between the cervicobrachial problems presented and the labor activity. The final evaluation of this study demonstrates the great need of primary care for these workers, that is, carrying out activities to prevent musculoskeletal diseases developed through work, either to preserve the individuals' physical integrity or the quality of education. Conclusions: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was high among teachers. There is evidence that the prevalence was connected to job demands.
Introdução: A dor lombar crônica inespecífica (DLCI) é uma sintomatologia dolorosa comum na região inferior da coluna por período superior a doze semanas, podendo ser acompanhada de sintomas neurológicos em membros inferiores. A DLCI apresenta alta prevalência mundial, pode conduzir a limitações de função e o tratamento enfatiza terapias ativas, tais como exercícios de Pilates. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de exercícios de Pilates na percepção dolorosa, qualidade de vida, incapacidade funcional e cinesiofobia de indivíduos com DLCI, classificados com baixo e médio riscos de mau prognóstico conforme a versão brasileira do Start Back Screening Tool (SBST-Brasil). Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado controlado com 59 pacientes diagnosticados clinicamente com DLCI, divididos em dois grupos: Controle (GC) e Pilates (GP). Durante 12 semanas, o GC recebeu intervenção medicamentosa enquanto o GP foi submetido a um protocolo de exercícios do método Pilates duas vezes na semana. Resultados: O treinamento com Pilates reduziu dor e cinesiofobia em ambos os subgrupos com SBST-Brasil Baixo e Médio. Contrariamente aos participantes de médio risco de mau prognóstico do GC, o GP com médio risco apresentou melhora significativa (P<0,05) da capacidade funcional. A intervenção farmacológica se mostrou eficiente (P<0,05) na redução da catastrofização da dor e cinesiofobia no GC classificados com médio risco de mau prognóstico. Conclusão: A estratificação em baixo e médio riscos para mau prognóstico de incapacidade têm respostas positivas ao tratamento baseado em exercícios do método Pilates, considerando a redução da intensidade dolorosa e da limitação funcional.
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