Information collected from nine (09) traditional healers in the Moronou village in the Department of Toumodi revealed that Anthocleista djanlonensis is regularly used by the population for primary health care in the processing of malaria. Evaluation of the In vitro antiplasmodial activity showed that the aqueous extracts inhibit growth of clinical isolates and chloroquinoresistant strains (K1) with IC50 of 8.29 µg/mL and 10.23 µg/mL while the ethanolic extracts had IC50 of 37.65 µg/mL and 46.07 µg/mL on the same strains respectively. Results of the In vitro antimalarial bioassay showed that aqueous extracts have promising antiplasmodial effects on clinical isolates and on Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistant K1 strain (3 µg/mL <IC50 <15 µg/mL). Phytochemical screening revealed that the extracts contain mainly alkaloids, polyphenols, polyterpenes and flavonoids

Over the past decade, the number of malaria cases has dropped by more than half in many malariaendemic countries. However, recent parasite resistance to artemisinin undermines that progress. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACTs) is recommended for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Among the potential genes that are associated to resistance of P. falciparum to artemisinin include PfATPase6 gene that encodes the protein SERCA: the specific target of drugs in the parasite. PfATPase6 was the subject of many studies across the world to highlight its' involvement in the resistance of P. falciprum to artemisinin. It was found in this work that this gene has a polymorphism but its' involvement in the resistance of the parasite has not been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to describe the basic polymorphism of clinical isolates of P. falciparum in Côte d'Ivoire during the period when the country national anti-malaria program introduced ACTs in the treatment of malaria. Thus, 82 DNA fragments from 41 clinical isolates divided into regions A and B were analyzed using automatic sequencing method. The results show more points mutation of DNA fragments of PfATP6 but the most significant are D734Y (29.2%), Q254H (9.7%), N669Y (14.6%) and S670C (12.2%). Other mutations emerged in marginal proportions. We therefore recommend strict monitoring of gene polymorphism in PfATPase6 in as much as the effectiveness of artemisinin derivatives is concerned; but the fact remains that their involvement in the resistance of P falciparum to artemisinin is still very low.

Aims: The pathophysiology of Plasmodium falciparum infection is most often associated with anemia and immune deficiency. Given the important role of vitamin D in the synthesis of hemoglobin and in the stimulation of the immune system, it would be essential to assess the vitamin D status of patients with malaria in order to improve the quality of treatment management. Methodology: A thick drop and a blood smear were used to determine parasite density and parasite species respectively. The complete blood count was performed using an automated analyzer labelled Sysmex XN 1000i. Biochemical parameters such as calcium and phosphorus were determined using the Cobas C311 Hitachi. The Vidas was used to determine the concentrations of 25 (OH) -vitamin D. Results: The results showed a decrease in 25 (OH) -vitamin D concentrations in relation to the parasite density and anemia observed in patients with uncomplicated malaria. Conclusion: Vitamin D status in patients with uncomplicated malaria could represent an essential biomarker in the monitoring of antimalarial treatment.

An ethnopharmacological survey carried out in the central region of Côte d'Ivoire enabled us select eight medicinal plants used to treat various human diseases. They are :Anthocleista djalonensis, Crossopteryx febrifuga, Harungana madagascariensis, Mangifera indica, Margaritaria discoidea, Pericopsis laxiflora, Spathodea campanulata and Terminalia glaucescens. The purpose of this study is to analyze the elemental content and crude protein and possibly evaluate the link to their therapeutic activities. The analysis by atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium and zinc contents. The crude proteins were determined using the Kjeldahl method. The values of the mineral elements obtained in the different plants are as follows: Fe (237.46-383.1 ppm) Zn (3.43-33.76 ppm), Ca (17.63-129.05 ppm) P (23.63-36.06 ppm), Na (103.16-492.63 ppm) K (468.3-754.3 ppm) and Mg (736.3-743.79 ppm). The proportion of the crude proteins obtained was in the range of 5.46 to 12.38%. The possible relationship between these minerals elements found in these plants and its' use as remedies against certain diseases is discussed.

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La transformation de poissons frais en poissons fumés et sa commercialisation constituent pour les femmes une activité de subsistance en Côte d’Ivoire et plus particulièrement dans la capitale économique (Abidjan). Pour améliorer la dynamique de la filière de transformation, des enquêtes socio-sanitaires ont été réalisées sur 4 sites dont 2 sites de transformation et 2 sites de commercialisation durant 1 mois, de mars à avril 2019. Le travail de terrain a consisté à une interview de la population cible sur leurs sites de travail. Elle a reposé sur un questionnaire portant sur le statut social des commerçants, les types de poissons vendus et fumés, la technique de fumage ainsi que les difficultés du métier. Au total, 120 acteurs de la filière ont été interrogés. Les résultats ont montré que ces acteurs principalement des femmes étaient pour la plupart analphabètes. Ces femmes utilisaient la méthode de fumage de type artisanal faisant intervenir comme matériaux, un grillage, posé sur une barrique coupée vers le milieu (fumoir circulaire) et comme combustible le bois d’hévéa combiné parfois à des coques de coco. 13 espèces de poissons à forte valeur économique, parmi lesquelles les trois (3) espèces les plus fumés et commercialisées sur le site Vridi Zimbabwe étaient les poissons Scomber scombrus (28%), Sardinella maderensis (27%), et Euthynnus alletteratus (24%). Par contre sur le site Abobo Doumé, les espèces les plus fumés et commercialisées étaient respectivement Sardinella maderensis (29%), suivi Scomber scombrus (27%), de Ephinephelu aeneus (26%). Ces femmes travaillent dans des conditions pénibles avec des moyens rudimentaires. L’exposition intense et répétée à la fumée et à la chaleur a provoqué chez ces transformatrices,des maux d’yeux, la toux, des céphalées et des démangeaisons cutanées. Bien que cette filière procure des emplois et est une source de revenu pour la population locale, elle présente cependant des risques de santé pour les transformatrices et les consommateurs. English title: Socio-sanitary analysis of fish smoking in the city of Abidjan (Ivory Coast) The processing of fresh fish into smoked fish and its marketing is a subsistence activity for women in  Côte d'Ivoire and more particularly in the  economic capital (Abidjan). In order to improve the dynamics of the  processing sector, socio-sanitary surveys were conducted on 4 sites, including 2  processing sites and 2 marketing sites, during 1 month, from March to April 2019. The fieldwork consisted of an interview of the target population on their work sites. It was based on a questionnaire on the social status of the traders, the types of fish sold and sorted, the smoking technique and the difficulties of the trade. A total of 120 actors in the sector were interviewed. The results showed that these actors, mainly women, were mostly illiterate. These women used the artisanal smoking method, using as materials, a wire mesh, placed on a barrel cut in the middle (circular smoker) and as fuel rubber wood combined sometimes with coconut shells. 13 species of fish with high economic value, among which the three (3) most smoked and commercialized species at the Vridi Zimbabwe site were Scomber scombrus (28%), Sardinella maderensis (27%), and Euthynnus alletteratus (24%). On the other hand, at the Abobo Doumé site, the species most smoked and marketed were Sardinella maderensis (29%), followed by Scomber scombrus (27%), and Ephinephelu aeneus (26%). These women work in harsh conditions with rudimentary means. Intense and repeated exposure to smoke and heat has caused these women to suffer from sore eyes, coughing, headaches and itchy skin. Although this industry provides employment and income for the local population, it poses health risks for processors and consumers.

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