Polyclonal antibody/carbon nanotube (CNT) conjugates have been prepared through a di-imide activated amidation process using partially oxidized CNTs. The antibody/nanotube conjugate was used as a microwave absorber with selective affinity for the cell receptor CD44, overexpressed on the surface of PC3 prostate cancer cells. Unlike the most common protocols involving thermic ablation by infrared radiation, microwaves offer a significant higher penetration depth, with instant localized heating when combined with CNTs. The heating rates obtained when multi-walled CNT suspensions in buffer are exposed to microwaves is reported. The antibody/nanotube conjugates were tested in a series of in vitro experiments in which the microwave power and the exposure time were consistently varied. After MTS assays, optimized conditions have been established for the thermal ablation of PC3 cells, while healthy cells remained unharmed. The trends observed in vitro were validated in vivo, using zebrafish embryos as an animal model.
Tung oil is uniquely reactive among plant-based natural oils due to the series of conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds in its fatty acid chains. These conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds impart a high reactivity towards cationic polymerization in the presence of other reactive co-monomers, such as divinylbenzene and styrene. An impressive decrease in the cure time of tung oil-based thermosets has been achieved when the resins investigated were microwaved in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). However, the fast cure compromised the overall thermo-mechanical properties of the materials investigated. Microwave power, exposure time, and CNT loading effects have been assessed by means of dielectric analysis (DEA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy of extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction. Possible reasons were proposed to explain the overall inferior properties observed whenever faster cure rates were achieved.
Single-walled Carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been shown to have excellent conductive properties. SWCNTs were dispersed in a SiC nanoparticle matrix to form a homogeneous mixture that is both mechanically durable and conductive. The SWCNT amount has been varied. SiC/SWCNT mixtures were then doped with various N- and P-type agents, and the resulting samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Raman spectra of the samples were also measured for evidence of structural changes. Seebeck coefficients were measured for the doped samples demonstrating the change in thermoelectric properties. Shifts in the G peak (1580.6 cm-1) of the Raman spectra of the samples provides evidence of an increase in charge carrier concentration in the doped samples, correlating well with the Seebeck coefficient results.
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