Microwave Heating of Antibody-functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as a Feasible Cancer Treatment

Beckler, Brenda; Cowan, Ashley; Farrar, Nathan; Murawski, Amanda; Robinson, Alyncia; Diamanduros, Andrew; Scarpinato, Karin; Sittaramane, Vinoth; Quirino, Rafael L.

doi:10.1088/2057-1976/aac9fe

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This effect causes injuries to the mitochondria and then apoptosis, resulting in a decrease in tumor volume and an improved survival in mouse models https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00537-8 © The authors [93]. Beckler confirmed the efficiency of carbon nanotubes with MW for anticancer therapy with multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with antiCD44 antibody to target prostate cancer [92].…”

Section: Microwave Responding Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A possibility is to employ nanomaterials that, in synergy with MWs, improve the temperature absorbing energy [ 21 ] and may promote a Joule heating effect [ 92 ]. Additionally, it is reported that some nanotools, e.g., iron oxide NPs and carbon nanotubes, are able to produce shock waves under a MW input, provoking a mechanical stimulation of the cells [ 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Microwave Responding Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also carbon-based nanomaterials have demonstrated a good synergy with MWs. The nanotubes indeed absorb MW and promote a Joule heating effect [ 92 ]. Additionally, also carbon nanotubes are able to produce shock waves under a MW stimulation, thus physically altering cell membranes and organelles provoking cell death.…”

Section: Microwave Responding Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Racca

Cauda

2020

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Cancer has nowadays become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional anticancer approaches are associated with different limitations. Therefore, innovative methodologies are being investigated, and several researchers propose the use of remotely activated nanoparticles to trigger cancer cell death. The idea is to conjugate two different components, i.e., an external physical input and nanoparticles. Both are given in a harmless dose that once combined together act synergistically to therapeutically treat the cell or tissue of interest, thus also limiting the negative outcomes for the surrounding tissues. Tuning both the properties of the nanomaterial and the involved triggering stimulus, it is possible furthermore to achieve not only a therapeutic effect, but also a powerful platform for imaging at the same time, obtaining a nano-theranostic application. In the present review, we highlight the role of nanoparticles as therapeutic or theranostic tools, thus excluding the cases where a molecular drug is activated. We thus present many examples where the highly cytotoxic power only derives from the active interaction between different physical inputs and nanoparticles. We perform a special focus on mechanical waves responding nanoparticles, in which remotely activated nanoparticles directly become therapeutic agents without the need of the administration of chemotherapeutics or sonosensitizing drugs.

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Section: Microwave Responding Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microwave Responding Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Racca

Cauda

2020

Nano-Micro Lett.

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“…Moreover, it can prevent normal and healthy cells from dying. 21,23,120,121 Biopersistence and Biodegradation CNTs are known to persist in lungs, leading to injury of the organ. Subchronic exposure of MWCNTs to the lungs of in vivo models through inhalation displayed higher retention half times, with the increases in retention being time-and concentrationdependent.…”

Section: Routes Of Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes as Carriers in Drug Delivery for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Mechanistic Analysis of Their Carcinogenic Potential, Safety Profiling and Identification of Biomarkers

Pu¹,

Wei²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

IJN

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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a global burden leading to millions of deaths worldwide every year. Nanomedicine refers to the use of materials at the nanoscale for drug delivery and subsequent therapeutic approaches in cancer. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely used as nanocarriers for therapeutic molecules such as plasmids, siRNAs, antisense agents, aptamers and molecules related to the immunotherapy for several cancers. They are usually functionalized and loaded with standard drug molecules to improve their therapeutic efficiency. Functionalization and drug loading possibly decrease the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of CNTs. In addition, the targeted cytotoxic properties of the drug improve and undesired toxicity decreases after drug loading and/or conjugation with proteins, including antibodies. For intended drug delivery, a lysosomal pH of 5.5 is more suitable and effective for the slow and extended release of cytotoxic drugs than a physiological of pH 7.4. Remarkably, CNTs possess intrinsic antitumor properties and are usually internalized by endocytosis. After being internalized, several mechanisms are involved in the therapeutic and carcinogenic effects of CNTs. They are generally safe for therapy, and their toxicity profile remains dependent on their physicochemical properties. Moreover, the dose, route, duration of exposure, surface properties and degradative potential determine the toxicity outcomes of CNTs locally or systemically. In summary, the use of CNTs in drug delivery and NSCLC therapy, as well as their genotoxic and carcinogenic potential and the possible mechanisms, has been discussed in this review. The therapeutic index is generally high for NSCLC cells treated with drug-loaded CNTs; therefore, they are effective carriers in implementing targeted therapy for NSCLC.

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“…Previous publications have put forth theoretical models to describe RF interactions with CNTs to produce heating and local field enhancement [8]. Additionally, several studies attempted to experimentally validate the utility of CNTs for RFA and MH [9][10][11]. Despite these reports, a significant challenge of applying CNTs for RFA and MH in vivo arises from nonspecific RF absorption by soft tissue, especially that by the water molecules and ions therein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pristine carbon nanotubes are efficient absorbers at radio frequencies

Rommelfanger¹,

Brinson²,

Bailey³

et al. 2022

Nanotechnology

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Radio frequency ablation and microwave hyperthermia are powerful tools for destroying dysfunctional biological tissues, but wireless application of these techniques is hindered by the inability to focus the electromagnetic energy to small targets. The use of locally injected radio frequency- or microwave-absorbing nanomaterials can help to overcome this challenge by confining heat production to the injected region. Previous theoretical work suggests that high-aspect-ratio conducting nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, offer powerful radio frequency and microwave absorption. While carbon nanotubes have been previously studied for radio frequency and microwave hyperthermia enhancement, these studies have employed sonication for sample preparation, reducing the volume fraction and average length within the carbon nanotube suspensions. In this manuscript, we use a sonication-free preparation technique to preserve both the length of carbon nanotubes and the high volume fraction of their bundled state. We measure the heating of these samples at 2 GHz compared to the heating of a biological tissue reference using infrared thermography. We report an increase in heating by 4.5 fold compared to the tissue reference, with localized heating clearly observable within a three-dimensional biological tissue phantom. Numerical simulations further aid in producing a temperature map within the phantom and demonstrating localized heating. Due to their significant differential heating ratio, we believe that sonication-free carbon nanotube samples may bring unforeseen opportunities to the fields of radio frequency ablation and microwave hyperthermia.

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Microwave Heating of Antibody-functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as a Feasible Cancer Treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Carbon Nanotubes as Carriers in Drug Delivery for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Mechanistic Analysis of Their Carcinogenic Potential, Safety Profiling and Identification of Biomarkers

Pristine carbon nanotubes are efficient absorbers at radio frequencies

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