Nutrient profile (NP) models, tools used to rate or evaluate the nutritional quality of foods, are increasingly used by government bodies worldwide to underpin nutrition-related policies. An up-to-date and accessible list of existing NP models is currently unavailable to support their adoption or adaptation in different jurisdictions. This study used a systematic approach to develop a global resource that summarizes key characteristics of NP models with applications in government-led nutrition policies. NP models were identified from an unpublished WHO catalog of NP models last updated in 2012 and from searches conducted in different databases of the peer-reviewed (n = 3; e.g., PubMed) and gray literature (n = 15). Included models had to meet the following inclusion criteria (selected) as of 22 December 2016: 1) developed or endorsed by governmental or intergovernmental organizations, 2) allow for the evaluation of individual food items, and 3) have publicly available nutritional criteria. A total of 387 potential NP models were identified, including n = 361 from the full-text assessment of >600 publications and n = 26 exclusively from the catalog. Seventy-eight models were included. Most (73%) were introduced within the past 10 y, and 44% represent adaptations of ≥1 previously built model. Models were primarily built for school food standards or guidelines (n = 27), food labeling (e.g., front-of-pack; n = 12), and restriction of the marketing of food products to children (n = 10). All models consider nutrients to limit, with sodium, saturated fatty acids, and total sugars being included most frequently; and 86% also consider ≥1 nutrient to encourage (e.g., fiber). No information on validity testing could be identified for 58% of the models. Given the proliferation of NP models worldwide, this new resource will be highly valuable for assisting health professionals and policymakers in the selection of an appropriate model when the establishment of nutrition-related policies requires the use of nutrient profiling.

Change from baseline subjective average appetite was the highest after sucrose, but only the glucose solution suppressed FI at the test meal 60 min later in NW boys.

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Background The symposium Kuwa Tayari ("be prepared" in English): finding pathways to nutrition and food security resilience in response to climate change in East Africa was held in Eldoret, Kenya, in May, 2016. The goals of this symposium were to increase awareness, stimulate research ideas and recommendations, catalyse the development of training opportunities, and provide an evidence base for policy and decision-making in these regions in preparation for, and response to, our changing world. Here, we describe the structure, aims, and outcome of the symposium. MethodsThe 2-day symposium was a partnership initiative between

The effect of commercial beverages on satiety and short‐term food intake (FI) has received little investigation in girls. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of commonly consumed sugars‐containing beverages on FI regulation in normal weight (NW) (n=12; 15–85th BMI percentile) and overweight (OW)/obese (OB) girls (n=11; >;85th BMI percentile). On 4 separate mornings and in random order, girls (n=23) received 350 ml of either a fruit drink, carbonated cola, 1% chocolate milk or a water control 2 h after a standardized breakfast of milk, cereal, and orange juice. FI (mean kcal ± SEM) from an ad libitum pizza meal was measured 60 min later. Only 1% chocolate milk decreased FI (746 ± 64) compared with the water control (935 ± 64; P<0.001) in NW girls, but none of the beverages decreased FI in OW/OB girls. In the pooled sample (n=23), FI was decreased by carbonated cola and 1% chocolate milk compared with the water control, but the fruit drink failed to result in a statistically significant decrease in FI. Caloric compensation scores for the fruit drink, cola, and 1% chocolate milk were 76%, 80%, and 86% in NW, and 45%, 74%, and 59% in OW/OB girls, respectively. Prospective food consumption (P<0.05) and desire‐to‐eat (P<0.05) scores, when corrected for the energy content of the beverages, were lowest after 1% chocolate milk compared to both cola and fruit drink, and cola, respectively. In conclusion, the effect of sugars‐containing beverages on short‐term FI in girls was dependent on the interaction between macronutrient composition and body weight status.

We previously reported decreased food intake (FI) after a glucose drink and 30 min of video game playing (VGP) in normal weight boys, but the effect on FI in boys with increased adiposity is unknown. Therefore, we examined the effect of 30 min of pre‐meal VGP on subjective appetite, emotions and FI in overweight/obese (>85th BMI percentile) boys after a glucose drink. On four mornings, in random order and one‐week apart, boys (n = 22; age = 11.9 ± 0.3 y) consumed equally sweetened drinks (250 mL) of sucralose (0 kcal) or 50 g (200 kcal) glucose, with or without 30 min of subsequent VGP, 2 h after a standardized breakfast. Immediately after all test conditions FI (mean ± SEM kcal) from an ad libitum pizza meal was measured. Subjective appetite was measured at baseline (0 min), 20, 35, and 65 min (post‐meal). While glucose (p < 0.01) decreased FI (∆ = ‐103 ± 48 kcal) compared with the sucralose control, cumulative FI (drink kcal + meal kcal) was higher (p < 0.01). Fullness (p < 0.05) was lower, and subjective aggressiveness (p < 0.01), excitement (p < 0.01), upset (p = 0.05), and frustration (p < 0.05) higher after VGP; however, subjective emotions did not correlate with FI. In conclusion, the stronger effect of glucose compared with VGP on FI is indicative of the primary role of physiologic factors in the short‐term regulation of FI in overweight/obese boys. Grant Funding Source: Supported by The Danone Institute of Canada, Grant‐in‐aid program