Purpose:This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks yogic intervention on blood sugar and lipid profile in elder women with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Subjects and Methods:Twenty elderly (age range 55–70 years) T2DM women were divided into two groups, namely, yogic intervention group (YIG: n = 10, age 64.70 ± 4.03, body mass index [BMI] 24.26 ± 3.40) and control group (CG: n = 10, age 64.40 ± 4.79, BMI 24.28 ± 2.36). YIG underwent yoga practice (Asanas, Kriyas, Pranayamas) for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week), while the CG continued their usual routine activities. Standing height, body weight, BMI, blood sugar, and lipid profile were measured before commencement and after 6 and 12 weeks of yogic intervention in both groups.Results:There was a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in fasting plasma glucose, postprandial blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein, with a significant (P < 0.01) increase in high-density lipoprotein level from its initial value in YIG, while showing insignificant result in CG.Conclusion:It can be said that yogic intervention may have the beneficial effects on blood sugar and lipid profile in elderly women with T2DM.

Aim: The study was designed to examine the relationships between field-based dribbling performance [measured using the Mor-Christian general soccer ability skill test] and selected field-based short sprint test performances in Bangladeshi youth soccer players. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by 60 male soccer players aged 16 to 19 years. Repeated sprint ability (RSA) and Illinois agility test evaluated for non-linear short sprints. The linear short sprint was evaluated by a 20-metre linear sprint experiment. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation of coefficient and multiple regression equations. Results: The moderate positive relationship was found between the Mor-Christian dribbling performance and the selected change of direction sprinting. The results also showed that the 20m linear sprint with Mor-Christian dribbling performance had a statistically non-significant positive small correlation. Moreover, the four independent variables selected in the regression equation (RSA mean time, RSA best time, Illinois agility test, and 20m sprint test) explain 31.8% of the total dribbling performance variability. Conclusion: Both linear and non-linear sprinting are relevant motor fitness capabilities linked to soccer dribbling performance. Agility-based physical capacities were found to correlate more highly with dribbling. It is suggested that a proper training schedule be established and enforced in order to improve dribbling efficiency.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the morphological, somatotype, and body composition characteristics of Indian university level football players based upon their field position. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 204 male football players from sixteen different Indian universities volunteered for this study.Anthropometric measurements included body weight and height, five muscle girths (upper arm, forearm, chest, thigh and calf), four bone widths (humerus biepicondylar, bistyloideus, femur biepicondylar and bimalleolar) and eight skinfold thicknesses (triceps, subscapular, pectoral, axilla, abdominal, suprailiac, mid thigh and calf) were measured. Further, somatotype (endomorphy, mesomorphy, ectomorphy) and body composition (BMI, % fat, skeletal muscle mass, skeletal mass) were assessed. Results: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to observe differences of means among the groups. In order to determine which group was different from other group Tukey post hoc test applied. Compared to other field players, goalkeepers showed higher values for body height, body weight, upper arm girth (p <0.05), more but not excessive body fat. Defenders, midfielders and strikers were ectomorphic mesomorph whereas goalkeepers were endomorphic mesomorph in physique. Conclusion: University level Indian footballers were average in height, weight, and muscle mass.(Journal of Trainology 2014;3:35-40)

Background: The ratio between the length of the index finger (2D) concerning the length of the ring finger (4D) of a palm, which is noticed as second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D). However, the length ratio of the second digit (the index finger) to that of the fourth digit (the ring finger) probably shows the quantity of male hormone, to which an individual is exposed in the womb of the mother. Likewise, several investigations define that low second to fourth digit finger ratio tended to have related to prenatal testosterone hormone. Prenatal testosterone hormone masculinizes the human body and therefore may build the athletic body. Aim: To review scientific literature related to the lower ratio of second to fourth digit ratio and masculinity. Methods: The Researcher collected scientific evidence through electronic databases; PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Google Advanced Search, Web of Science, and critically analyzed the entire relevant article according to the nature of this study. Findings: The lower second to fourth digit ratio is associated with prenatal testosterone hormone and is also related to masculine traits that may help in sporting performance. Conclusion: Masculine attributes may be linked to a lower digit finger ratio (2D:4D).

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The study’s purpose was to conduct a comparison of selected physiological measures among students who commute to school via three different modes of transportation (Bicycling, Walking, and Motor Vehicles). Initially, a total of 600 school-going boys (N = 600) were chosen as study participants. Class VIII to XII grade school male students aged 14 to 18 years were purposefully selected as study subjects from seven secondary schools in the Birbhum district of West Bengal, India. Each group had 200 participants: N = 200 for walking, N = 200 for bicycling, and N = 200 for motor vehicles. A category-wise number of subjects were selected from the different schools. The data was calculated by descriptive statistics. For all independent variables, which were computed by using SPSS, one way ANOVA test followed by t-tests were used. As a result, students traveling to school by motor vehicle, as non-active commuters, had a significantly higher Body Mass Index (21.81) and percent Body Fat (16.03) than the other two active commuters, namely the walking and bicycling groups. According to current researchers, students who commute from their homes to school each day may use walking as their main form of transportation. The researchers also concur that if the school is reasonably close to the home, walking is a great form of transportation for students.