This research analyzed the effect of β-glucan that is expected to alleviate the production of the inflammatory mediator in macrophagocytes, which are processed by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia. The incubated layer was used for a nitric oxide (NO) analysis. The DNA-binding activation of the small unit of nuclear factor-κB was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based kit. In the RAW264.7 cells that were vitalized by Escherichia coli (E. coli) LPS, the β-glucan inhibited both the combatant and rendering phases of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS)-derived NO. β-Glucan increased the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the cells that were stimulated by E. coli LPS, and the HO-1 activation was inhibited by the tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP). This shows that the NO production induced by LPS is related to the inhibition effect of β-glucan. The phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and the p38 induced by the LPS were not influenced by the β-glucan, and the inhibitory κB-α (IκB-α) decomposition was not influenced either. Instead, β-glucan remarkably inhibited the phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) that was induced by the E. coli LPS. Overall, the β-glucan inhibited the production of NO in macrophagocytes that was vitalized by the E .coli LPS through the HO-1 induction and the STAT1 pathways inhibition in this research. As the host immune response control by β-glucan weakens the progress of the inflammatory disease, β-glucan can be used as an effective immunomodulator.
Aim :Methodology :
Results :Interpretation : β β-glucan ( TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were iNOS protein expression, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), degradation of inhibitory κB-α (IκB-α), nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits roduction of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were creased in β-glucan ( TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA at concentrations with no cytotoxicity. β-glucan ( NF-κB β-glucan ( activated macrophages through activation of NF-κB and therapeutic effects of β-glucan ( -glucan, a cell wall component of a variety of fungi, yeasts and bacteria, has a regulatory potential for various diseases such as infection and inflammation. The present study investigated the effects of polycan) on immune modulation in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells.As immune response parameters, production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor ( assessed.and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT3 were characterized via immunoblotting. These results reveal the polycan) may partly be due to its ability to modulate immune functions in macrophages.
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