Hafnium oxide is one of the most promising high dielectric constant materials to replace silicon dioxide as the gate dielectric. To take the advantages of high dielectric constant of HfO2 thoroughly, the relatively low dielectric constant interfacial layer must be controlled carefully. In this work, the formation of an interfacial SiO2 layer at the HfO2/Si interface was studied comprehensively. It is observed that during reactive sputtering deposition of the HfO2 layer, a very thick interfacial SiO2 layer, thicker than 3 nm, would be grown. O-radical signals, instead of O2-radicl signals, are detected in the sputtering chamber. An O-radical enhanced oxidation model is proposed to explain such an unusual thick SiO2 layer. The adoption of a two-step deposition method, the thickness of interfacial SiO2 layer can be reduced only if the bottom Hf layer is thicker than 5 nm. However, the reduction of effective oxide thickness would be limited. Reoxidation of Hf film sounds a better choice. A 1.0–1.5-nm-thick interfacial SiO2 layer is still observed. This implies that the traced oxygen in the sputtering chamber plays a critical role on the formation of the interfacial layer. It is thus concluded that reactive sputtering is not a suitable method to prepare a HfO2 layer with a negligible interfacial SiO2 layer. Reoxidation of Hf film is a better choice, but the oxygen content in the sputtering chamber must be well controlled.
Abstract-This paper explores the characteristics of the binary alloys Ta-Pt and Ta-Ti for gate electrode application. With a proper composition of high and low work function metals, the work function of the metal alloys can be modulated from 4.16 eV to 5.05 eV continuously. The alloys show good thermal stability and inner chemical activity on both silicon dioxide and hafnium dioxide. Thermal stress generated from the alloy film increases interface state density and hence effective oxide charges. This problem can be greatly reduced with W/Ta-Pt stack structure, where W acts as the main conducting metal and Ta-Pt acts as work function control metal. All of these properties make them suitable for use in all device applications.
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