The formation of stable blood clots or hemostasis is essential to prevent major blood loss and death from excessive bleeding. However, the body's own coagulation process is not able to accomplish timely hemostasis without the assistance of hemostatic agents. For developing novel topical hemostatic agents, tissue adhesives and sealants, it is necessary to understand the coagulation process and the hemostasis mechanism of different materials. Among hemostatic materials, polysaccharides are naturally derived polymers having excellent biodegradable and biocompatible properties. This review provides an overview of polysaccharide-based hemostatic materials and agents, including their advantages and drawbacks in hemostatic applications. Furthermore, polysaccharide-based hemostatic materials with anti-microbial and healing functions are also introduced.

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Hemostatic microparticles (HMs) have been widely used in surgery. To improve the comprehensive performance of HMs, multifunctional HMs named HM15 and HM15′ are prepared from starch, carboxymethyl chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and tannic acid. Herein, tannic acid is used as an effective cross‐linker. A 3D network structure for cell growth and wound repair can be formed by secondary cross‐linking. Through synergistic effect of these natural materials, the process of wound healing can be regulated controllably. HM15 and HM15′ have the ability of rapid hemostasis. Moreover, HM15′ shows excellent properties in antibacteria and wound healing acceleration. Blood clotting time treated with different HMs is shortened obviously from 436.8 s to 126 s. Compared with Celox, HM15 and HM15′ exhibited better broad spectrum antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Notably, the wound can be repaired rapidly by HM15′ in 14 days. These multifunctional HMs might have an important prospect in clinical application.

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