Motivation Single-cell multimodal assays allow us to simultaneously measure two different molecular features of the same cell, enabling new insights into cellular heterogeneity, cell development, and diseases. However, most existing methods suffer from inaccurate dimensionality reduction for the joint-modality data, hindering their discovery of novel or rare cell subpopulations. Results Here, we present VIMCCA, a computational framework based on variational-assisted multi-view canonical correlation analysis to integrate paired multimodal single-cell data. Our statistical model uses a common latent variable to interpret the common source of variances in two different data modalities. Our approach jointly learns an inference model and two modality-specific non-linear models by leveraging variational inference and deep learning. We perform VIMCCA and compare it with ten existing state-of-the-art algorithms on four paired multi-modal datasets sequenced by different protocols. Results demonstrate that VIMCCA facilitates integrating various types of joint-modality data, thus leading to more reliable and accurate downstream analysis. VIMCCA improves our ability to identify novel or rare cell subtypes compared to existing widely used methods. Besides, it can also facilitate inferring cell lineage based on joint-modality profiles. Availability The VIMCCA algorithm has been implemented in our toolkit package scbean (≥ 0.5.0), and its code has been archived at https://github.com/jhu99/scbean under MIT license. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The design of a two-dimensional high-frequency electrostatic microscanner is presented, and an improved method for routing isolation trenches is investigated to increase the reliability and mechanical stability of the resulting device. A sample device is fabricated and tested using an optimized micromachining process. Measurement results indicate that the sample device oscillates at inherent frequencies of 11586 and 2047 Hz around the two rotational axes, thereby generating maximum twisting angles of ±7.28 • and ±5.63 • , respectively, under two square waves of 40 V. These characteristics confirm the validity of our design and satisfy the requirements of a laser projector with VGA standards.
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