Gibberellin (GA), auxin (IAA) and brassinosteroid (BR) are indispensable in the process of plant growth and development. Currently, research on the regulatory mechanism of phytohormones in banana dwarfism is mainly focused on GA, and few studies are focused on IAA and BR. In this study, we measured the contents of endogenous GA, IAA and BR and compared the transcriptomes of wild-type Williams banana and its dwarf mutant across five successive growth periods. We investigated the relationship between hormones and banana dwarfism and explored differential gene expression through transcriptome analysis, thus revealing the possible metabolic regulatory mechanism. We inferred a complex regulatory network of banana dwarfing. In terms of endogenous hormone levels, GA and IAA had significant effects on banana dwarfing, while BR had little effect. The key gene in GA biosynthesis of is GA2ox, and the key genes in IAA biosynthesis are TDC and YUCCA. The differential expression of these genes might be the main factor affecting hormone levels and plant height. In terms of hormone signal transduction, DELLA and AUX/IAA repressor proteins were the core regulators of GA and IAA, respectively. They inhibited the process of signal transduction and had feedback regulation on hormone levels. Finally, the transporter protein PIN, AUX1/LAX protein family and ABCB subfamily played supplementary roles in the transport of IAA. These results provide new insights into GA and IAA regulation of banana growth and a reliable foundation for the improvement of dwarf varieties.
The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most destructive rice pests worldwide. GXU202 is a germplasm of common wild rice (Oryza ru pogon Griff. ) with high resistance to the BPH. In this study, the genetic analysis indicated that the BPH resistant phenotype of GXU202 is controlled by a major gene. Through the combination and comparison of QTL linkage and BSA-seq analyses, a novel gene locus BPH41 conferring BPH resistance was identi ed, which has been nely mapped to a 114-kb region delimited by D01031 and W1 on chromosome 4. The markers D01031 and D01045 showed high accuracy in predicting resistant phenotypes to BPH, suggesting their reliability for marker-assisted selection of BPH41 in breeding for BPH resistant rice varieties. The present identi cation of BPH41 will establish a foundation for further map-based cloning and functional characterization of the gene.
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