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Summary Emerging data suggest an association between obesity and infectious diseases. Although the mechanisms underlying this link are not well established, a number of potential factors may be involved. Indeed, the obesity‐related vulnerability to infectious diseases could be due to chronic low‐grade inflammation, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia, which lead to a weakening of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition, obesity results in anatomical–functional changes by the mechanical obstacle of excessive adipose tissue that blunt the respiratory mechanisms and predisposing to respiratory infections. Subjects with obesity are also at risk of skin folds and sweat more profusely due to the thick layers of subcutaneous fat, favoring the proliferation of microorganisms and slowing the repair of wounds down. All these factors make subjects with obesity more prone to develop nosocomial infections, surgical site, skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and mycosis. Furthermore, infections in subjects with obesity have a worse prognosis, frequently prolonging hospitalization time as demonstrated for several flu viruses and recently for COVID‐19. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the current clinical evidence on the associations between obesity and infectious diseases highlighting physio pathological insights involved in this link.

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Editorial Board Member comments Dear authors, an editorial board member has reviewed your work that has been found interesting. Some minor changes are requestes. Best regards In this review the authors discuss A PRACTICAL NUTRITIONAL GUIDE TO MANAGE OBESITY THROUGH CHRONONUTRITION. The authors discuss extensivley chronobiology and chrononutrition and their role in obesity.We are very grateful to the Editorial Board Member for his/her appreciation of our findings and his/her most positive report. We are hopeful that the constructive suggestions and the proposed corrections will improve our exposition in the updated manuscript. All the corrections in the revised manuscript are made in green for the Reviewer's convenience. There are too much references. The authors should reduce as required in the minervaFormat the references to 100.Author's response: We agreed with your suggestion and reduced the number of references. Furthermore:-I suggest to associate to the reference 140 the following reference that discuss also the potential role of microbiota in this context• Mediterranean diet and probiotics supplementation to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.