Objetivo: Apresentar, descrever e discutir os achados da literatura referentes ao tratamento da síndrome compartimental. Método: Os dados foram coletados mediante revisão da literatura utilizando os descritores: síndrome compartimental, tratamento da síndrome compartimental; e como base em artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo), Lilacs, MedLine e Pubmed. Como critérios de inclusão foram estabelecidos artigos originais e de revisão publicados na íntegra na forma on-line nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês no período de 2014 a 2019, utilizando os descritores supracitados nos respectivos idiomas. Incluindo-se também artigos fora do período supracitado desde que considerados extremamente relevantes. Como critérios de exclusão utilizou-se artigos publicados fora do período estabelecido, artigos que não tratavam diretamente da síndrome compartimental e que foram considerados com informações repetitivas. Resultados: Foram coletados 80 artigos científicos, nos quais 40 trabalhos dentro dos critérios de inclusão. Conclusões: A fasciotomia persiste como o método mais efetivo para o tratamento da síndrome compartimental, porém mais pesquisas devem ser desenvolvidas na busca por prover novos meios de reduzir os efeitos adversos da SC.
Introdução: Em 2013 mais de 17,3 milhões de mortes/ano foram causadas por doenças cardiovasculares, acompanhado de uma estimativa de mais de 23,6 milhões de mortes para 2030, representando a maior causa global de morte. Objetivo: Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo a sistematização do conhecimento acerca dos efeitos do exercício físico como medida de prevenção e/ou tratamento em lesões causadas por isquemia, a fim de instigar novas pesquisas e contribuir para a disseminação de informação atual. Metodologia: Este estudo constitui uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter analítico dos estudos a respeito dos efeitos do exercício físico como medida de prevenção e tratamento de lesões causados por isquemia nos tecidos de animais submetidos a experimentação científica, em que foram coletados 99 artigos a partir de uma busca nas bases de dados Pubmed, SciELO e Lilacs com os descritores: “ischemia”, “exercise”, “rats” e “muscle”. Resultados e Conclusão: A atual literatura aponta para um consenso acerca dos efeitos cardioprotetores e neuroprotetores do atividade física, com ênfase no aumento da resistência contra agentes oxidantes, melhoria no processo de angiogênese, maior resistência contra acidificação do meio, melhoria no processo de cardiomiogênese, e apresenta as vias de sinalização moleculares que possivelmente explicam os efeitos advindos do exercício físico nas suas mais diferentes intensidades.
Introduction: The role of nutrition in medicine has changed from a passive function, from an adjuvant therapy, to a proactive and sophisticated therapy that prevents various health problems and changes the natural history of the disease. Recent studies show up that medical education does not sufficiently and efficiently address the patient’s nutritional aspects, thus training physicians who are not confident in providing nutritional care to their patients. This study aimed to analyze and describe scientific studies that have evaluated nutrition education in medical schools, seeking within this context to find nutrition topics important for undergraduate medical education. Methods: This research was conducted through a cross-sectional, descriptive, scoping review after searching for synonyms using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) and DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors) tools. Results: We initially found 1.057 publications that underwent sequential screening until reaching a total of 16 articles, which achieved the scope of this research. Most articles are from the United States of America (50%), assessed a total of 860 medical students and 243 medical schools using different approaches regarding the teaching of nutrition. Final considerations: In this review, we have shown that despite several studies ratifying the well-established association between nutrition and prevention/treatment of diseases that require outpatient care, or at the hospital level, nutrition education in undergraduate medical school has not accompanied this evidence and, for many years, the subject has been underestimated. In Brazil, no studies were found on this topic with the used descriptors.
Introduction: The role of nutrition in medicine has changed from a passive function, from an adjuvant therapy, to a proactive and sophisticated therapy that prevents various health problems and changes the natural history of the disease. Recent studies show up that medical education does not sufficiently and efficiently address the patient’s nutritional aspects, thus training physicians who are not confident in providing nutritional care to their patients. This study aimed to analyze and describe scientific studies that have evaluated nutrition education in medical schools, seeking within this context to find nutrition topics important for undergraduate medical education. Methods: This research was conducted through a cross-sectional, descriptive, scoping review after searching for synonyms using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) and DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors) tools. Results: We initially found 1.057 publications that underwent sequential screening until reaching a total of 16 articles, which achieved the scope of this research. Most articles are from the United States of America (50%), assessed a total of 860 medical students and 243 medical schools using different approaches regarding the teaching of nutrition. Final considerations: In this review, we have shown that despite several studies ratifying the well-established association between nutrition and prevention/treatment of diseases that require outpatient care, or at the hospital level, nutrition education in undergraduate medical school has not accompanied this evidence and, for many years, the subject has been underestimated. In Brazil, no studies were found on this topic with the used descriptors.
A tuberculose é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, comum em países em desenvolvimento. Os acomentimentos pulmonares são as principais manifestações da doença, embora existam, também, manifestações extrapulmonares, as quais são mais comuns em pacientes imunocomprometidos, a exemplo dos pacientes coinfectados com o HIV. O abscesso hepático é a forma menos comum de lesão. Entretanto, quando analisadas as taxas de mortalidade e os resultados dos tratamentos, é uma das manifestações extrapulmonares com pior prognóstico. O caso relatado segue com o diagnóstico através dos sinais e sintomas clínicos, além da realização dos exames laboratoriais e de imagem, a fim de diagnosticar e indicar os tratamentos cirúrgico e medicamentoso para tratar a infecção e sua consequente manifestação.
Leptospirosis, considered a public health problem, is an acute febrile infectious disease of compulsory notification with a lethality of up to 40% in the most severe forms, being caused by the bacterium of the genus Leptospira sp and transmitted by exposure to the urine of infected animals, such as the rats. Therefore, the objective of the study is to analyze the epidemiological profile of reported cases of leptospirosis in Brazil between 2015 and 2019. The research has a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective nature with data collected in the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), disregarding information that is not present in the established time frame. In the period from 2015 to 2019, 16,938 cases of leptospirosis were reported, with a highlight in 2015 (25.29%), in the South region (36.58%), in the urban area (75.80%), in males (81.53%), in the age of 20 to 39 years (38.3%), in whites (47.76%). In addition, the majority obtained the Cure (82.96%). In view of this, there is a need to create public measures of a resolute nature in the face of health shortages, especially in regions of low socioeconomic status, to combat the incidence of this disease.
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