ABSTRAKPembangunan industri dan urbanisasi selain dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan manusia, tetapi juga memberikan efek negatif kepada lingkungan yaitu menghasilkan limbah dalam jumlah yang sangat besar, dan hal ini akan menjadi masalah yang serius bila tidak tangani dengan segera. Penangangan limbah pun masih belum di lakukan dengan serius dan bertanggung jawab sehingga sering dilaporkan adanya lahan yang tercemar akan limbah khususnya limbah logam berat. Logam-logam berat merupakan unsur yang tidak biodegradable sehingga limbah-limbah yang mengandung logam berat bila tertumpah ke lingkungan sedikit demi sedikit akan terakumulasi pada tanah dan air, bila ketersediaanya meningkat akan di serap oleh tanaman dan akan memberikan efek negative kepada kehidupan manusia. Banyak usaha yang telah dilakukan dalam menangani pencemaran logam berat ini dan pemberian biochar merupakan solusi yang sangat menjanjikan, karena biochar memiliki potensi dengan luas permukaan yang besar, morfologi yang sangat porous serta gugus fungsionalnya yang berpotensi untuk mengurangi bioavailabilitas dan pelindian logam berat melalui adsorpsi dan reaksi fisikokimia lainnya dan juga dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dengan perbaikan sifat sifat tanah. Biochar merupakan bahan basa yang dapat meningkatkan pH tanah dan berkontribusi terhadap stabilisasi logam berat. Aplikasi biochar untuk perbaikan dari tanah yang tercemar logam berat dapat memberikan solusi baru untuk masalah polusi tanah. Tulisan ini memberikan gambaran tentang pemanfaatan biochar dalam mengurangi mobilitas dan bioavailibiltas logam berat pada tanah tercemar Kata kunci: biochar, remediasi, logam berat, soil contaminated PENDAHULUAN Pencemaran lingkungan merupakan isu yang paling menonjol saat ini, seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah pabrik pabrik yang bertujuan memenuhi kebutuhan penduduk yang semakin hari terus bertambah. Pabrik-pabrik tersebut menghasilkan limbah yang cukup besar, dan bila tidak di kelola dengan baik dan bertanggung akan memberikan efek negatif kepada lingkungan (Zhang et al. 2013). Menurut undang-undang lingkungan no.4 tahun 1982 pencemaran adalah masuknya atau di masukkannya makhluk hidup, zat, energi dan/ atau komponen lain ke dalam lingkungan, dan/ atau berubahnya tatanan lingkungan oleh kegiatan manusia atau proses alam, sehingga kualitas lingkungan turun sampai ke tingkat tertentu yang menyebabkan lingkungan menjadi kurang atau tidak dapat berfungsi lagi sesuai dengan peruntukannya (UU Repulik Indonesia No.4 tahun 1982) Limbah yang dihasilkan oleh pabrik mengandung berbagai unsur yang berbahaya bagi bagi kehidupan manusia, salah satu diantaranya adalah logam berat. Logam berat secara alami sudah ada di dalam tanah dan tidak dapat teregradasi, dapat menetap di tanah dan badan air untuk waktu yang lama, sehingga akan terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu (Govindasamy et.al 2011) Akumulasi logam yang ada pada tanah yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan aktivitas mikroba tanah, kesuburan tanah, dan kualitas tanah secara keseluruhan, dan penurunan hasil dan mas...
Abstract. Sembiring M, Munawaroh H, Mukhlis, Hidayat B, Sabrina T. 2021. Soil macrofauna diversity in andisol after eight years of Mount Sinabung eruption in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3024-3030. The eruption of Mount Sinabung resulted in volcanic ash covering the soil of various thicknesses. That will affect the population and diversity of macrofauna in it. This research aimed to determine the Andisol soil macrofauna in Karo District with various thicknesses of volcanic ash covering from Mount Sinabung. This research was conducted in May 2019. Plots were placed in four locations, Location I: processed land (0 cm), Location II: Land covered by thin ash (?2 cm), Location III: Land covered by medium ash (2-5 cm), Location IV: Land covered by thick ash (?5 cm). Sampling was conducted by using the Pitfall trap, Monolith squared, and Hand sorting methods. The research results indicated that the thicker the volcanic ash covering the soil surface, it would reduce soil moisture, soil water content, organic C, and soil pH, but on the other hand, increase the soil temperature. A total of 20 species were able to live on the Andisols affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung.
Effects of Composting on Growth and Uptake of Plant Nutrients and Soil Chemical Properties After Composting with Various Comparison of POME aims to find out the provision of compost with various comparisons of POME in improving soil chemical properties and to know the treatment of compost types with various comparisons of POME to Plant NutrientGrowth and Uptake research this will be carried out in the Research will be carried out in the Bangun Bandar PT. Socfindo, Serdang Bedagai district, Dolok Masihul sub-district with a height of ± 25 m above sea level. The research will be carried out in January -August 2018. As for the method used The mixture of soil and compost samples that have been incubated for 1 month is taken from each sample as much as 1 kg and analyzed the nutrients in the laboratory by the wet decstructive method pH H2O 1: 2.5 , N-Total (Kjeldahl destilation), C-Organic (Walky and Black titration), P-Bray II (spectrophometer) and CEC (Ammonium acetate pH 7).
The aim of this research is to observe the impact of various thicknesses of volcanic ash and different vegetation on microorganism populations in Andisol affected by the eruption of Mt. Sinabung in NamanTeran Sub-district, Karo district, which was affected by the eruption of Mt. Sinabung after 5 years of eruption which is distinguished by several ash thicknesses, namely: A0: 0cm (already processed), A1: <2 cm (thin), A2:> 2-5 cm (moderate), A3:> 5 cm (thick) with annual plant vegetation and grass vegetation. Soil sampling was using the survey method. Calculation of total soil microorganisms was done by the Total Plate Count method. The results indicated that the higher the pH, C-organic, humidity and temperature, the more microorganism population, also different thickness of ash and vegetation affected the number of microorganism population.
Coffee plants need phosphorus nutrients for growth and fertilization in high quantities. Andisol has a very low availability of P. Efforts that can be made to increase the availability of P are by utilizing phosphate solvent microbes and coffee skin compost. The purpose of this study was to obtain the right type of microbial phosphate solvent and organic coffee skin ingredients in increasing the availability and growth of coffee plants in Andisol affected by the eruption of Mt. Sinabung. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 3 replications. Factor I: (Microbial Phosphate Solvents) M0 = Without application, M1 = Burkholderia cepacia, M2 = Talaromyces pinophilus, M3 = Burkholderia cepacia + Talaromyces pinophilus. Factor II Organic ingredients of coffee skin compost are K0 = without organic matter, K1 = 75 g, K2 = 150 g, K3 = 225 g. The results of the study showed that B.cepacia + T.Pinophilus + Mycorrhiza (M4) treatment can increase nutrient uptake of N, P and K of plants up to 12.3%, can increase plant uptake of P up to 18.84%, increase uptake of plant K up to 19.53%. The treatment of 225g of coffee husk compost (K3) can increase plant N nutrient uptake by 7.65%, plant P uptake to 26.11% and plant K uptake up to 14.12%. M4K3 application can increase N uptake up to 53.28%, P uptake up to 98.56% and increase K uptake of plants up to 56.45%. in general the best treatment is M4K3.
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