Abstract:--Electroconvulsive therapy is also known as Electroshock or Shock therapy or Electroplex.Seizure activity produced by ECT is considered as the therapeutic aspect of this form of treatment, but is accompanied by untoward physiologic consequences, mainly cardiovascular and cerebral in nature. The hemodynamic effects can have a significant impact in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease.The effects of certain anesthetic agents may render seizure activity difficult to generate,and the unmodified physiologic consequences of treatment may be harmful. At the present time, a number of medications have been used during ECT including pretreatment sedation, anaesthetic agents, muscle relaxants, anticholinergics, and drugs to attenuate parasympathetic and sympathetic responses. This single blinded study was carried out on 100 adult patients equally divided into two groups of 50 each to compare the Hemodynamic effects and seizure activity of thiopentone sodium (GroupT) and propofol(Group P) when used as inducing agents in patients undergoing modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT). Results showed propofol maintained significantly better haemodynamics compared to thiopentone and seizure time was significantly lower with propofol compared to thiopentone with equal theurapeutic effect and comparable complication rate of MECT. Recovery from anaesthesia post MECT was significantly quicker with propofol compared with thiopentone. Hence,we conclude that from anaesthesiologist's point of view propofol has advantage over thiopentone when used as an induction agent for modified ECT due to its favorable haemodynamics and early recovery characteristics.
Abstract--In order to study the safety and efficacy of lidocaine and ropivacaine some of their actions were compared using the parameters namely local anaesthetic effect on rabbit cornea, local anaesthetic effect on the reflex movements of the nostrils of rabbit, analgesic effect on rat, cardiac effect on frog heart and the effect on the blood vessels of frog. The local anaesthetic effect on rabbit cornea and reflex movements of the nostrils of rabbit had longer duration with ropivacaine but there were differences in the onset of action. By rat tail flick method, ropivacaine proved to be more potent and longer acting in its analgesic action. Ropivacaine took longer time to produce bradycardia. There was less number of missed beats of the frog heart with ropivacaine. While lidocaine produced vasoconstriction of frog blood vessels, ropivacaine produced initial vasoconstriction followed by vasodilatation. In all the parameters used, ropivacaine proved to be more potent, longer acting and safer when compared to lidocaine.
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