Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that has been widely used to determine the neurotransmission of serotonin in the central nervous system. This substance has emerged as the drug of choice for the treatment of depression due to is safer profile, fewer side effects, and greater tolerability. Studies have found the following important functions of fluoxetine related to the central nervous system: neuroprotection; anti‐inflammatory properties similar to standard drugs for the treatment of inflammatory conditions; antioxidant properties, contributing to its therapeutic action and an important intracellular mechanism underlying the protective pharmacological effects seen in clinical practice in the treatment of different stress‐related adverse health conditions; and antiapoptotic properties, with greater neuron survival and a reduction in apoptosis mediators as well as oxidative substances, such as superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxide. The aim of this study was to perform a review of the literature on the important role of fluoxetine in anti‐inflammatory, cell survival, and neuron trophicity mechanisms (antiapoptotic properties) as well as its role regarding enzymes of the antioxidant defense system.

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Sexual dimorphism is a key role for forensic anthropology. It allows ascertaining the sex of certain biological discoveries. By postmortem studies it is possible to establish a profile of individuals. This profile allows the identification in cases where bodies are skeletonized. Several bones present dimorphism and have been studied to increase approach for forensic identification. This study morphometrically evaluated the scapula bone and compared the measurements between scapula bone of female and male cadavers. Sixty parts were utilized in this experiment. All cadavers belonged to the Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. The scapula bones were photographed and measured through software ImageJ®. Eight parameters of measurements were considered: scapula height (SH), distance between basis and spine (DBSp), scapula width (SW), spine width (SpW), acromion-coracoid width (ACW) and scapula body width at 2 (L2), 4 (L4) and 6 (L6) cm of the lower angle. The median morphometric values for the male scapulas were: SH -

Introdução: As mulheres, entre 40 e 65 anos, passam por mudanças fisiológicas que interferem na sua sexualidade, caracterizado pelo climatério. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência das disfunções sexuais em mulheres climatéricas contribuindo com evidências para profissionais que lidam com a saúde da mulher. Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal descritivo e analítico, realizado na clínica especializada da mulher em Caruaru/PE, com 99 mulheres, de 40 a 65 anos e que tinham vida sexual ativa. Foram avaliadas através dos questionários: Sociodemográfico, Questionário da Saúde da Mulher, Quociente Sexual Versão Feminina e Índice de Função Sexual Feminino. Resultados: 44,44% têm indicativo para disfunção sexual. 52,52% possuem bom desempenho sexual, cerca de 58,58% tem alteração na lubrificação e 51,51% dor no ato sexual. 63,63% tem alterações na satisfação e orgasmo, 69,69% têm alterações no desejo e a falta de excitação foi o maior índice amostral, representado por 74,74%. Conclusão: A maioria apresenta bom desempenho sexual, entretanto possuem baixa qualidade de vida e alto indicativo para disfunções sexuais. Sendo assim, propõe-se desenvolvimento de pesquisas, gerando conhecimentos para profissionais que lidam com essa temática, visando saúde e qualidade de vida.

Introduction: The Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered a serious public health problem in Brazil and in the world, increased by the modern life style, characterized by reduced physical activity, increased obesity and aging of the population. The diabetic myopathy is characterized as a complication in the striated skeletal muscles caused by diabetes, characterized by decreased muscle mass, weakness and reduced physical capacity. Thus the present study aimed to review in the literature the main changes suffered by muscle cells associated with Diabetes Mellitus type I. Material and Methods: The present review regards to the major studies in digital databases about the effects of DM type I on the morphology of the skeletal muscles. The search for references was performed in the following databases: Medical Literature and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/ PUBMED), Google Scholar and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Articles should have the following criteria to enter in the research: articles published in the last ten years, in English, Portuguese or Spanish and available online. Results: The database that had the highest number of publications was MEDLINE (98), followed by SCIELO (56) and Google Scholar (43). Only, 4 articles were selected. The articles were described according to the year of publication, title of work, journal and objectives. Conclusion: This review shows a clear association between diabetes mellitus type I and changes in skeletal muscle. The risks of atrophy in the muscles, especially the members, were significantly higher in patients with this syndrome than in normal patients. Which makes the issue of fundamental importance to the area of health.

The seafood plays an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis role in testicles morphology damages induced by diabetes mellitus. This relation seems to be associated with Omega-3 and carotenoids (astaxanthin) levels.

CAIAFFO, V.; ALBUQUERQUE, P. P. F.; ALBUQUERQUE, P. V. & OLIVEIRA, B. D. R. Sexual diagnosis through morphometric evaluation of the proximal femur. Int. J. Morphol., 37(2):391-396, 2019. SUMMARY: The determination of variables such as age, height, ethnicity and sex are extremely important to the identification of biological findings, especially in accidents with fatal victims. The diagnosis of sex can be 100 % certain for cases in which the skeleton is complete and in a good state of conservation, the individual is an adult and the morphometric variables of the population to which the individual belongs are known.: The aim of the present study was to perform a morphometric evaluation of the proximal femur and compare measurements between males and females. Sixty pairs of femurs were acquired from the Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. The bones were measured with the aid of the ImageJ software program and the following variables were compared between bones from male and female cadavers: DFH -diameter of femoral head on the craniocaudal and sagittal axes; DFN -diameter of femoral neck on the craniocaudal and sagittal axes; FNLfemoral neck length; ILL -intertrochanteric line length. The morphometric variables had the following mean values in the male bones: DFH-craniocaudal axis -45.10 ± 0.35 mm; DFH-sagittal axis -48.27 ± 0.35 mm; DFN-craniocaudal axis -33.21 ± 0.40 mm; DFN-sagittal axis -29.96 ± 0.05 mm; FNL -31.71 ± 0.05 mm; ILL -66.47 ± 0.59 mm. The mean values for the female bones were as follows: DFH-craniocaudal axis -40.68 ± 0.20 mm; DFH-sagittal axis -42.61 ± 0.20 mm; DFN-craniocaudal axis -29.11 ± 0.03 mm; DFN-sagittal axis -26.05 ± 0.04 mm; FNL -31.10 ± 0.04 mm; ILL -60.80 ± 0.41 mm. With the exception of the femur neck length, all variables measurements were significantly larger (p < 0.0001) on the male bones. The present findings demonstrate that the femur bone, particularly the proximal portion, exhibits important sexual dimorphism and has high potential for forensic purposes. CAIAFFO, V.; ALBUQUERQUE, P. P. F.; ALBUQUERQUE, P. V. & OLIVEIRA, B. D. R. Sexual diagnosis through morphometric evaluation of the proximal femur.

SUMMARY:It is important and necessary to know the morphometric characteristics of the proximal femur in order to reduce the risk of complications associated with surgical procedures performed in the area due to vascular, metabolic or trauma causes, and to achieve an alignment of prosthesis to be implanted. The morphometric analysis has proved possible to be used, and can be a valid help to obtain certain parameters that may contribute to scientific research in several areas. For this, a good understanding of evaluation techniques and principles that can be applied to obtain reliable and valid results is needed. To measure the proximal femoral epiphysis by manual morphometry, with the aid of the caliper, and digital morphometry, with the aid of software and compare them. Twenty nine femurs were used to measure the following parameters: diameter of the femoral head in the cranio caudal axis (DFH-CC) and sagittal axis (DFH-S), diameter of the femoral neck cranio caudal axis (DFN-CC) and sagittal axis (DFN-S), length of the femoral neck (LFN) and length of the intertrochanteric line (LIL). After the measurements, the mean values were compared between the two morphometric techniques. The manual morphometry obtained the following average values: DFH-CC 4.42±0.44, DFH-S 4.38±0.47; DFN-CC 3.10±0.35; DFN-S 2.50±0.37; LFN 2.55±0.42; LIL 4.79±0.62. While the values obtained by digital morphometry were: DFH-CC 3.09±0.41, DFH-S 3.35±0.40; DFN-CC 1.79±0.26; DFN-S 2.26±0.23; LFN 1.42±0.33; LIL 3.33±0.54. All parameters measured from the manual technique showed values significantly higher (p<0.05) than values obtained by digital morphometry. This study showed that there is no morphometry gold standard. Different morphometric methods can effectively reproduce, the values of morphometric anatomical structures, depending on the purpose of the study, the anatomical structures and experience of the researcher.