The COVID-19 pandemic, the infection caused by the novel coronavirus detected in December 2019 by World Health Organization (WHO), has detrimentally impacted human life in a variety of areas. Many concepts including outbreak, pandemic, and quarantine have been an inseparable part of our lives. This kind of dialectic change naturally affects persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental disorders (DD) and their families. The present study using a mixed-method evaluation aims to reveal the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the family functioning of children specifically with ASD in Turkey. This study promises a holistic understanding of how the lockdown depending on the COVID -19 pandemic affects families and their children with ASD with positive and negative sides.

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The aim of the research is to adapt the Teaching Mathematics in Inclusive Settings (TMIS) survey into Turkish and determine their psychometric properties over the country sample. The research was performed with 338 general education teachers who are responsible teaching mathematics to inclusive students. The scale in which linguistic equivalence and face validity were achieved was a measuring tool of 9-point grading type including 12 items and two sub fields. CFA results (x 2 /df=4.4, RMSEA=.07, SRMR=.04, GFI=.92, AGFI=.86, NFI=.98, NNFI=.96, RFI=.96, IFI=.97 and CFI=.98) indicated that the scale had an acceptable goodness of fit. It was observed that the scale achieved criterion related validity. It was determined that Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability and split-half reliabilities were high, item total correlations were high and the differences between %27 upper-lower groups were significant. In the light of the findings, it can be stated that TMIS survey can be used as a valid and reliable measuring tool in determining the efficacy of general education teachers in Turkey for teaching mathematics to inclusive students. Keywords:Inclusive settings, mathematics teaching efficacy, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, reliability. Kaynaştırma Uygulamalarında Matematik ÖğretimiÖlçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları ÖzAraştırmanın amacı Kaynaştırma Uygulamalarında Matematik Öğretimi (KUMÖ) Ölçeğinin Türk-çeye uyarlanması ve ülke örneklemi üzerinden psikometrik özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştır-ma kaynaştırma öğrencilerine matematik öğretiminden sorumlu 338 sınıf öğretmeni ile gerçekleşti-rilmiştir. On iki soru ve iki alt alandan oluşan dokuzlu derecelendirme tipi ölçme aracının dilsel eşdeğerliği ve görünüm geçerliği elde edilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları (x 2 /sd=4.4, RMSEA=.10, SRMR=.04, GFI=.90, AGFI=.85, NFI=.98, NNFI=.97, RFI=.97, IFI=.98, CFI=.98) ölçeğin iyi düzeyde uyum iyiliğine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Ölçeğin ölçüt bağıntılı geçerliliği sağladı-ğı gözlenmiştir. Ölçeğin Cronbach's alfa iç tutarlık güvenirliği ve iki yarı güvenirliğinin yüksek, madde toplam korelasyonlarının yüksek ve %27 alt-üst grup ortalamaları arasındaki farkın anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bulgular ışığında, KUMÖ ölçeğinin Türkiye'de kaynaştırma öğrencilerine * Assist. Prof. Dr., Sakarya University, Faculty of Education, bfmeral@gmail.com ** Res. Asst., Sakarya University, Faculty of Education, mithat1981@gmail.com 98 SAÜ Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü matematik öğretiminde genel eğitim (sınıf) öğretmenlerinin yeterliklerinin belirlenmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği ifade edilebilir.

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Parenting styles and practices are crucial in promoting the self-determination of children. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the role of parenting styles and practices in enhancing the self-determination of children with/without intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The present study was carried out with a sample of 243 parents of children with/without IDD in Türkiye (Turkey). The results indicated that an authoritative parenting style and autonomy-supportive parenting practices positively affect the degree of child self-determination, whereas permissive and overprotective parenting practices may limit child opportunities in fostering self-determination. The study results also showed that urbanization, higher income, and higher education level of parents positively impacted the degree of child self-determination. Parents of typically developing children reported higher levels of overall self-determination for their typically developing children when compared with children with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. On the other hand, parents of children with mild disabilities reported a higher level of self-determination than both children with moderate and severe disabilities. The results were discussed within the cultural context of the current sample.

Background The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine positive psychology constructs (life orientation/optimism, life satisfaction, happiness, psychological well-being and personal well-being) that may predict the family quality of life (FQOL) of parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in Turkey. Methods Data were obtained from a convenience sample of 660 parents of children with IDD who responded to six assessments, including a measure of FQOL. An analysis using stepwise multiple regression was conducted to identify predictors of FQOL as rated by parents. Results The four constructs including personal wellbeing, psychological well-being, life orientation (optimism) and life satisfaction significantly explained 60% of the total variance of FQOL. The amount of explained variance, beta scores and correlations suggests that these positive psychology constructs are significant predictors of FQOL of parents of children with IDD in Turkey. ConclusionThe study findings suggested that positive psychological constructs at the individual level were positively related to FQOL at the group level. Personal well-being was the strongest predictor of FOQL of parents who have children with IDD in Turkey. The results also indicated that other constructs including psychological well-being, an optimistic life orientation and life satisfaction contribute significantly to the FQOL of parents of children with IDD.

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