This study provides an overview of the state of tourism development over the past twenty years in the field of information technology. It is argued that the knowledge created over the past two decades can be characterized as two distinct epochs - digitalization, which reflected a common understanding of how technology has changed our society and economy, and innovation, which implies the introduction and use of new technologies to develop the industry. Knowledge development in each of these periods, the authors describe the technological environment, the dominant paradigm, major research issues, and influential disciplines and research approaches. In particular, we recognize the transfer of our view of research in the field of information technology in tourism from a predominantly marketing tool for knowledge creation due to new technological conditions such as a smartphone, unmanned aerial vehicle, wearable devices, new connectivity and large volumes of data. Finally, this study discusses possible challenges and our current views on the relationship between information technology and tourism.
The article reveals the essence and characteristics of ecotourism, identifies its problems and determines the directions and objectives of its development, provides comparative indicators of the number of protected areas in different countries of the world and the income that countries receive from tourism in specially protected natural areas. The main problems and aspects of its development in the context of recreational geography and tourism are highlighted, such as the lack of a common national concept for the development of rural tourism or the lack of a clearly formulated state policy. There are no standards and rules applicable to rural tourism, nor qualified personnel, knowledge and experience in the service of foreign and domestic tourists. There are no normative legal acts in the field of ecological tourism, which is aggravated by the reluctance and inability to effectively use private recreational resources. In this study was done key findings.In this article the author raises questions related to the current state of ecotourism and prospects of its development. Over the past quarter century, both supply and demand for ecotourism have increased significantly. At the same time, ecotourism, as a special form of tourism development, is increasingly recognized and legitimized as a means of achieving sustainable development in destination areas.
The analysis of changes in the state of social resources of scientifi c and technological areas in terms of fi nancial globalization is made in the article. An assessment of their impact on the development of industrial and innovational processes is given. Measures to improve the effi ciency of social resources of the innovative, small businesses are proposed.
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