BACKGROUND Maternal mortality is used as a general indicator to gauge the health and even social status of an Indian mother. Reduction of maternal mortality ratio remains a challenge in India. The aim of the study is to compare the maternal mortality ratio in a tertiary care centre over a span of 10 years and to analyse the changes and trends in maternal mortality with reference to the causes of maternal mortality and sociodemographic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective facility based study was done at Government Medical College, Kozhikode. The detail of maternal death was analysed with respect to age, parity, gestational status of pregnancy and cause of death. Data from a period of 2007-2016 was compiled and compared as two five-year interval to enable a comparative analysis. Causes of death were classified according to World Health Organization application of International Classification of Diseases-Maternal Mortality (ICD-MM) classification. The results were compiled and statistical analysis done using Chi-square and unpaired t-test. RESULTS Over the first 5 years of our study, there were 80,217 livebirths and 87 maternal deaths. The next five years showed a similar trend with 77,473 livebirths and 88 maternal deaths. The maternal mortality ratio for 2007-2011 is 109 per 1 lakh livebirths, while maternal mortality ratio is 114 per 1 lakh livebirths in 2012-2016. There is a gross rise in deaths during antepartum period in 2012-16. The most common cause of mortality is still direct causes constituting 79% in 2007-11 and 56% in 2012-16. Indirect causes have risen from 21% to 37% during 2012-16. CONCLUSION Maternal mortality ratios for both 5 year periods during the 10 years study period are comparable. The sociodemographic profile has also remained constant. There is a definite decline in deaths due to haemorrhage while mortality due to other obstetric causes and non-obstetric causes are rising.
BACKGROUND HELLP is the acronym for haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count. HELLP syndrome is a form of severe preeclampsia with an incidence of 0.2-0.6% of all pregnancies. The aim of our study is to evaluate the trend of renal dysfunction in HELLP syndrome patients.
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B infection is most commonly acquired through perinatal or horizontal transmission. The combined immunity of hepatitis B vaccine and high-titre hepatitis B immunoglobulin HBIG has excellent efficacies in blocking the maternal-foetal transmission of hepatitis B virus. This study was aimed to stop such transmission from mothers with high hepatitis B virus DNA viral loads by giving them lamivudine antenatally. The aim of the study is to study the effect of lamivudine treatment to decrease hepatitis B virus DNA viral load in the third trimester in hepatitis B surface antigen pregnant positive women and its effect on vertical transmission of hepatitis B. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hepatitis B surface antigen positive pregnant women attending the department who satisfied the inclusion criteria were selected for this prospective case-control study of 30 in each group. Hepatitis B viral DNA load was seen at 28 weeks in both groups and lamivudine started at 32 weeks in the case group. Both groups were followed up antenatally, intrapartum and postpartum till 1 month and babies till 6 months. DNA viral load 1 month postpartum for the mother and hepatitis B surface antigen positivity observed in the babies till the age of 6months.
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