Abstract-The harvest yield in vineyards can vary significantly from year to year and also spatially within plots due to variations in climate, soil conditions and pests. Fine grained knowledge of crop yields would allow viticulturists to better manage their vineyards. The current industry practice for yield prediction is destructive, expensive and spatially sparse -small samples are taken from the vineyards during the growing season and extrapolated to determine overall yield. We present an automated method that uses computer vision to identify and count grape berries. These counts are used to generate per vine estimates of crop yield. Both shape and visual texture are used to detect berries. We demonstrate detection of green berries against a green leaf background. We present crop yield estimation results, with the actual harvest yield as groundtruth for 200 vines (over 450 meters) of two different grape varieties. We calibrate our berry count to yield and find that we can predict yield to within 9.8% of actual crop weight.
A cost-utility analysis of interferon beta for multiple sclerosis. Health Technol Assessment 1998; 2(4). Health Technology Assessment is indexed in Index Medicus/Medline and Excerpta Medica/Embase. Copies of the Executive Summaries are available from the NCCHTA web site (see overleaf).
Lesional area was estimated and lesional mast cells and eosinophils were counted during primary and challenge infestations of sheep with Psoroptes ovis. In addition, circulating basophils and eosinophils and serum P. ovis-specific immunoglobulin IgE antibody were quantified. Expansion of lesional area was significantly less and serum IgE titres significantly greater in challenge than primary infestations. Lesional mast cell hyperplasia and massive eosinophil infiltration accompanied by raised titres of P. ovis antigen-specific IgE antibody were compatible with an IgE-mediated Type-1 allergic reaction, while detection of lesional basophils was suggestive of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity. The temporal pattern of lesional mastocytosis and eosinophil infiltration and the role of these cells and serum IgE in the immune response is discussed.
Prophylaxis for transrectal prostatic biopsies: a randomized controlled study of intravenous co-amoxiclav given as a single dose compared with an intravenous dose followed by oral co-amoxiclav for 24 h
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