Este estudo propõe refletir sobre como a formação em Nutrição é passível de reproduzir gordofobia, e os riscos impostos às pessoas gordas por essa opressão. A gordofobia, enquanto discriminação dos indivíduos gordos, consequente da estigmatização, traduz-se em desigualdades nos mais diversos ambientes, repercutindo nos níveis biológico, psicológico, social e econômico. A hierarquização das populações consideradas mais ou menos saudáveis, baseada na lógica médico-estatística polarizada entre normal e patológico, sustenta a predominância da fisiologia no estudo das ciências da saúde, consolidando práticas de intervenção e controle sobre os desviantes, como medidas de prevenção. A formação teórica, enquanto definidora da prática, apresenta dilemas criando uma tendência de atuação patologizante, direcionando os Cursos de Nutrição a priorizarem interesses econômicos em detrimento das demandas sociais. Essa patologização contribui para a manutenção do modelo de saúde que corrobora a busca incessante pelo tipo corpóreo ideal, favorecendo a mercantilização das práticas em saúde. O debate conceitual e teórico mostra-se essencial para a discussão da abordagem prática, uma vez que a crença na obesidade enquanto reflexo das qualidades morais dos indivíduos tem importantes consequências sociais. De forma agravante, ao reproduzir a estigmatização das pessoas gordas, os profissionais as afastam do acesso aos serviços de saúde. Para desenvolver práticas humanizadas, promotoras de saúde e que reconheçam o indivíduo em sua historicidade e sociabilização, é preciso desenvolver outras concepções de saúde, já que a abordagem clínico-biomédica se mostra insuficiente para atuar de maneira satisfatória diante desta complexidade.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.33311

The Provisional Measure 870/2019, which amended the Organic Law on Food and Nutrition Security and extinguished the Conselho Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (National Council for Food and Nutrition Security), has brought serious consequences to the Brazilian population, especially for the most vulnerable. This scientific note brings reflections on the trajectory of the Conselho Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, the repercussions of its extinction in the last year, and the project to dismantle social protection policies in Brazil, with serious consequences at a time when the country is going through a crisis in public health due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The absence of the Conselho Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional and the weakening of the set of policies for Food and Nutritional Security has mobilized the civil society to defend the human rights to food, food sovereignty, and to democracy itself. The resistance of the different social movements in order to maintain the spaces of civil participation related to Food and Nutrition Security public policies are still going to be long and arduous, demanding the continued vocalization and strengthening of partnership networks within the different movements of the organized civil society. Finally, we highlight the urgent need for restoration of the National System of Food and Nutritional Security (Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional) with all its instances, and of other social policies, so that the negative consequences of the pandemic are avoided or mitigated and the State complies with its obligations to guarantee the rights of the Brazilian population.

Objective To analyze the increase in the number of nutritionists and the aspects of the job market in the last decade. Methods Critical test based on literature review and official data provided by nutrition councils and other entities. Results There was an average yearly increase of 8,248 nutritionists in the period from 2010 to 2017, having the largest contingent of professionals concentrated in the Brazilian Southeast region. In 2017 there were 126,539 nutritionists registered in the country’s ten regional councils, practically twice as much as in 2009 (60,554 nutritionists). Even though the last nationwide research on the profile of nutritionists was performed in 2006, the production of local studies showed that more than half of the professionals voluntarily continued their education after graduating. In 2018 the Federal Council of Nutritionists updated the areas of work with details divided in subareas, segments and subsegments. Public spaces for food security, primary health care and sports nutrition are examples of new fields for the nutritionist. In the period of analysis there was an increase of 58.9% of the wage floor, however, still below the national average and other health professionals, and with longer working hours. The current wage floor for nutritionists is R$2,558.05. Conclusion In addition to the increase in the number of professionals, there were adjustments in specific labor legislation, as well as geographical repositioning, diversification and expansion of the job market. It is necessary to move ahead, mainly in what concerns a more extended and holistic understanding of the profession.

Objective To describe the food and nutrition security situation of all municipalities of a Brazilian state. Methods The investigation was conducted using an assessment matrix developed through consensus workshops. The matrix is composed of 7 dimensions, 11 subdimensions, 27 indicators, and 59 items. Data were collected at the municipal level from different public databases using the state of Santa Catarina as the case study basis. Municipalities were classified according to their food and nutrition security situation as poor, fair, good, or excellent. Results Of the 295 Santa Catarina municipalities, 65.4% were rated as poor or fair in terms of food and nutrition security. The best-rated dimension was Continuing education, research, and training in food and nutrition security, followed by Agroecological production and sustainable food supply and Universal access to water and sanitation. The dimensions with the worst results were Food and nutrition at all levels of healthcare, Universal access to adequate food, and Assessment and monitoring. The dimension Traditional peoples and communities could not be evaluated because data were not available at the municipal level. Conclusion This study evidenced the need for a careful examination of the reality of Santa Catarina municipalities, as it made it possible to qualitatively characterize public policies within the context of food and nutrition security. The findings may contribute to the debate on evaluation and assist managers in strengthening food and nutrition security policies in Brazilian municipalities.

This study analyzed the trajectory of interests and priorities related to food security expressed in the reports of the five National Food and Nutritional Security Conferences (Conferências Nacionais de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional - CN-SAN) held in Brazil between 1994 and2015. The documentary research was systematized through content analysis with a quantitative and qualitative focus. Food security dimensions were identified in the 1,181 action proposals assessed through an analysis model consisting of 3 cross-sectional categories, 8 thematic categories, and 10 subcategories. The temporal content analysis revealed: continuous reduction in demands for "universal access to adequate food", especially in the subcategory "employment and income"; constant predominance of the category "structuring sustainable food production and supply systems" with a progressive increase in the subcategory "incentive to agroecology-based production"; and increased demands for "prioritization of traditional peoples and communities". The timeline suggests different contributions of the Conferences to the evolution of the debate on food security in Brazil. However, the insertion of social actors in the process of formulating the Brazilian National Food and Nutritional Security Policy did not guarantee the incorporation of the problems into the public agenda, which should be re-established and deepened in the decision-making processes. The findings attest to the importance of social participation for the theoretical and political qualification of food security in Brazil.