This paper firstly introduces the important position of western mineral resources in China and the important role of mining development for economic development in western region and China, and then lists the ecological environment impact caused by mining action and analyzes the necessity of ecological compensation mechanism. Finally it discusses the key issues about ecological compensation policy, and presents some relevant recommendations about construction of eco-compensation mechanism.
In order to diagnose the disease degree of operation tunnels and to estimate tunnel's security condition, this paper analyzes the causes of bugs existing behind the tunnel lining, expounds the theory and method of making non-destructive test on tunnel lining quality by using Geological Radar. By processing and analyzing field data, the following functions can be performed, such as detecting the thickness of concrete lining accurately, determining the distribution position and quantities of rebar and grid steel, searching existed cavity and uncompacted area behind the lining especially lining arch top. We also apply the method of morphology to the extraction of liner image feature. We get the liner boundary line and waterlogging area more intuitively by wavelet analysis, and find the anomalous point in the liner. It has been proved that Geologic Radar is a feasible method to inspect the structure of tunnel concrete lining. A dopting hole-drilling method to make verifications with detecting results of geological radar, the results of the two kinds of methods have not big difference.
Flow units are divided into E,G and P types for the Lower S2reservoir of Wen-X fault block in the Wenliu Oilfield, which are identificated based on six parameters including porosity, permeability, sandstone thickness, effective thickness, formation conductivity and flow index. A 3-D model for the flow units is established by sequential gaussian stochastic simulation approach. It is believed that type- E flow units are well exploited, with the distribution of the remaining oils related to fault as a barrier;type-G flow units are less exploited, with enrichment of remaining oil, due to the influence of interlayer or lateral heterogeneity;and type-P flow units are difficult to be exploited because of the poor percolation and a lower reserves abundance
GPR is used to detect rock surrounding the hand-dug pile foundations of a bridge for the highway surrounding Fuzhou, capital of Fujian Province, so as to evaluate the rock the stabilities of the rocks on the outer side of the file foundations and at the base of the file foundations and thickness of overburden over the base rocks. In this paper, some parameters are selected for detection, such as antenna of center frequency 100 MHz, data acquisition time window of 500ns , offset distance of 1 m,which can meet the effective detection range (depth) of 20 m or more . Annular cross-section method is used at the bottom of Piles , and vertical cross-section method is used on the side of piles. The results show that GPR records can provide a number of clear and accurate information such as the rock cliff boundaries of pile lateral wall , the internal structure at the bottom of pile and pile lateral wall.
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