ABSTRACT. This study aimed to assess the reliability, validity, and psychometric characteristics of the Turkish version of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire . In this context, it investigated whether somatoform dissociation differentiates dissociative disorders from other diagnostic groups and non-clinical individuals. The Turkish Version of the SDQ-20 was administered to 50 patients with a dissociative disorder, 94 patients with psychiatric disorders other than dissociative disorder, and 175 non-clinical participants. To confirm the clinical diagnosis, all patients in the dissociative disorder group had been evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Vedat Sar is Professor of Psychiatry, and

There is a growing amount of evidence to suggest that besides motor features, patients with essential tremor (ET) may exhibit significant nonmotor features, such as mild cognitive deficits, fatigue, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and sleep disturbances. The goal of this study was to examine nonmotor features in young patients with ET and their impact on quality of life. 45 patients (24.55 ± 7.16 years old) with ET and 35 controls were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Short Form-36. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Turkish version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Battery (MoCA). We ruled out other possible causes of the tremor. The tremor rate was evaluated using the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale. Poor sleep quality, fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were more common, and MoCA total scores were lower in the patient group. Fatigue, depressive symptoms, and higher anxiety levels were seen to have a negative effect on physical and mental health. Excessive daytime sleepiness had a negative effect on physical health. There is an emerging interest in nonmotor features of ET. This study showed that even young patients have nonmotor features that decrease their quality of life. This might tell us that nonmotor symptoms could be a part of the disease in the early stages.

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İlaç tedavisine dirençli depresyonda antidepresan tedaviyle hızlı tekrarlı transkraniyal magnetik uyarım tedavisi kombinasyonu Amaç: Tekrarlı transkraniyal magnetik uyarım (tTMU) için en uygun parametreler henüz tanımlanmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı ilaç tedavisine dirençli depresyonda antidepresan tedavisine eklenen iki farklı yoğunluktaki tTMU'nun etkinliğini araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Bu randomize, çift-kör, taklit uygulama kontrollü araştırmada 35 ayaktan hasta rastgele ve antidepresanlara ek olarak dorsolateral prefrontal korteks üzerine %80 veya %110 şiddetinde 20 Hz'te uygulanan tTMU'ya veya 6 hafta sureli taklit uygulamaya atandılar. Hastalar Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği ve Montgomery-Asberg Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği ile tedaviden önce ve tedavi süresince her hafta değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki aktif tTMU grubunda her iki ölçeğin de ortalama puanları %50'den fazla düştü. Puanlardaki bu anlamlı değişim aktif tedavinin 4-6 haftalarında en belirgindi. Ölçek puanları ve yanıt/remisyon oranları açısından %80 ve %110 grupları arasında farklılık bulunmadı. TMU tedavisi herhangi bir ciddi advers olay yaşanmadan iyi tolere edildi. Sonuç: İlaç tedavisine dirençli depresyonda istirahat motor eşik değerin %80'i veya %110'unda uygulandığında tTMU özellikle tedavinin 4-6 haftalarında antidepresan etkileri arttırabilir.

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The 1st objective of the current study was to investigate the frequency and types of dissociative symptoms in patients with conversion disorder (CD). The 2nd objective of the current study was to determine psychiatric comorbidity in patients with and without dissociative symptoms. A total of 54 consecutive consenting patients primarily diagnosed with CD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, criteria who were admitted to the psychiatric emergency outpatient clinic of Sisli Etfal Research and Teaching Hospital (Istanbul, Turkey) were included in the study. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Structured Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders, and Dissociative Experiences Scale were administered. Study groups consisted of 20 patients with a dissociative disorder and 34 patients without a diagnosis of any dissociative disorder. A total of 37% of patients with CD had any dissociative diagnosis. The prevalence of dissociative disorders was as follows: 18.5% dissociative disorder not otherwise specified, 14.8% dissociative amnesia, and 3.7% depersonalization disorder. Significant differences were found between the study groups with respect to comorbidity of bipolar disorder, past hypomania, and current and past posttraumatic stress disorder (ps = .001, .028, .015, and .028, respectively). Overall comorbidity of bipolar disorder was 27.8%. Psychiatric comorbidity was higher and age at onset was earlier among dissociative patients compared to patients without dissociative symptoms. The increased psychiatric comorbidity and early onset of conversion disorder found in patients with dissociative symptoms suggest that these patients may have had a more severe form of conversion disorder.

Introduction: Maybe the most important invention of our age internet has become a part of our lives however excessive use of it has led to a new type of addiction. Internet addiction (IA) has psychological, sociological and physical negative effects especially on the adolescents. Objectives: This study aims to investigate IA among high school students and to examine the correlation between excessive internet use, depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: 304 students were included in the study. Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Adult ADD/ADHD Diagnosis and Evaluation Inventory was used to evaluate the subjects. Results: 11% of the subjects in our study had IA. Prevalence of IA was significantly higher among male subjects. Males were using the internet to "surf" and game play while females were "chatting". Total BDI scores of IA group were significantly higher than the rest of the subjects. Attention deficit, impulsivity, activity, and ADD/ADHD related features subscale scores of IA group were also significantly higher than the rest of the subjects. IAS scores of the subjects of those who use the internet for homework significantly lower than IAS scores of the subjects who do not. IAS scores of the subjects who used the internet for < 10 hours/week were significantly lower than the subjects who spent more time online. Conclusions: IA is fairly common among high school students according to study. Depression and ADHD is associated with IA according to our study. These mutually aggravating disorders should be evaluated and treated carefully.

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