This study explores how 0.23% tantalum and 0.47% niobium in tin slag from the Bangka-Belitung archipelago, Indonesia, are upgraded. To enrich the contents of both metals, this research involves 8M NaOH leaching followed by 0.5M, 1M, and 1.5M phosphoric acid. First, tin slag was roasted at 900°C for 2 hours. Then, the sample was NaOH-leached while H3PO4 was exploited to leach its residues. Next, each of the residues from the leaching processes was characterized by XRF while the filtrates characterization used AAS and ICP-OES. On the one hand, NaOH leaching has proven to decrease the contents of iron, calcium, titanium, and aluminum. On the other hand, 0.5 M H3PO4 leaching optimizes tantalum contents up to 0.85% while 1.0 M H3PO4 leaching maximizes niobium contents up to 1.45%.
Nickel industry is one of the most strategic industries because its widely used. Nickel slag as a by-product of nickel processing presents the potential for improving process efficiency. In this study aim to determine the effect of the addition of sodium sulfate additives and also the temperature in the reduction process of nickel slag. The research was preceded by preparation of nickel slag samples with crushing and sieving up to 200 mesh. The nickel slag is then reduced at 800°C, 900°C and 1000°C temperature without adding sodium sulfate and by adding sodium sulfate with 1 hour holding time. Furthermore, the results of the reduction is done XRD and AAS testing to see changes in the content of elements and compounds in nickel slag that has been tested. The results of the study explain that the content of the dominant impurities which is in the form of SiO2 decreases as the temperature of the reduction and iron from Fe-rich Forsterite compounds will be liberated and will bind to sulfur derived from sodium sulfate to form troilite (FeS). This results in an increasing content of valuable minerals present in the nickel slag.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a compound that has unique physical and chemical properties. It has a direct band gap at 3.4 eV (without dopant), a high bonding energy (60 meV), and a high thermal and mechanical stability at room temperature. Thus, ZnO thin film can be suitably applied in many fields, and it also has many functions such as UV light emitters, hydrophobic coating, transparent thin film in electronic devices, piezoelectric material, transducers, gas-sensing, and a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer in thin film solar cells. ZnO thin film could be prepared by many chemical preparations such as chemical bat deposition (CBD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sol-gel spin coating, doctor blade, printing deposition, and electrochemical deposition (ED). This chemical process is a low-cost, simple, and easy preparation process to be adjusted or doped by other elements.
Latar belakang. Kadar glukosa darah yang tinggi terjadi pada 20-50% pasien stroke iskemik akut. Hiperglikemia dapat memperberat gangguan neurologis pasien. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungankadar glukosa darah acak dengan keluaran stroke iskemik akut yang diukur dengan menggunakan NIHSS. Metode. Penelitian observasional yang menggunakan stroke registry pasien stroke iskemik fase akut Sejumlah 38 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil. Hasil uji korelasiSpearman menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna antara kadar glukosa darah acak dengan NIHSS keluar (p=0.548), tetapi antara kadar glukosa darah acak dengan NIHSS masuk menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna (p = 0.011). Hasil uji Chi-Square antara kadar glukosa darah acak dengan NIHSS keluar menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna (p = 1), sebaliknya antara kadar glukosa darah acak dengan NIHSS masuk dan perbaikan menunjukkan hubungan bermakna (p = 0.024 dan p = 0.047). Simpulan. Tidak ada hubungan antara kadar glukosa darah acak saat masuk IGD dengan hasil keluaran klinis pasien stroke iskemik akut. Namun, kadar glukosa darah acak normal menunjukkan perbaikan yang lebih baik dan cenderung memiliki hasil keluaran yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: Stroke iskemik fase akut, kadar glukosa darah acak, NIHSS
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