<p><em>The Covid-19 pandemic is pushing a multidimensional crisis, especially in the economic field. </em><em>T</em><em>he most affected </em><em>sector </em><em>in this regard are service workers. </em><em>With the type of w</em><em>ork that was supposed to interact directly is now constrained by </em><em>government </em><em>policies; stay at home, lockdown and more. This article aims to examine the phenomenon of Termination of Employment in the ASEAN Region and analyze its adaptive solutio</em><em>n through </em><em>transformation. This article utilizes various software such as Publish or Perish </em><em>for searching the amount of previous literature </em><em>and </em><em>VOSViewer for bibliometric analysis. </em><em>Within the conceptual framework of New Regionalism, this article finds an opportunity </em><em>in shifting</em><em> profession of layoff victims in the service sector </em><em>in</em><em>to </em><em>an</em><em> online business</em><em>er</em><em> (e-commerce) as a </em><em>survival</em><em> and superior </em><em>way for</em><em>ASEAN</em><em>’s</em><em> </em><em>economic </em><em>during pandemic. </em><em>T</em><em>his article </em><em>expected</em><em> </em><em>to give </em><em>benefits both in terms of literature</em><em> academics</em><em> and practicality for the </em><em>micro </em><em>community </em><em>in order to </em><em> </em><em>drive</em><em> ASEAN development </em><em>from</em><em> the buttom-up scheme. </em></p>
Hamas and Fatah are the two dominant Palestinian political parties that have the same goal of freeing Palestinians from Israeli occupation. But there are ideological differences between Hamas and Fatah, Fatah with secular nationalist ideology while Hamas with Islamic ideology. The difference in ideology is considered to be the cause of the lack of cooperation between the two to free Palestine from Israeli occupation. This paper seeks to answer the question of why Hamas and Fatah did not unite to free Palestine from Israeli occupation when both have the same goal, whether differences in ideology are the main obstacle for Hamas and Fatah not to unite to liberate Palestine. In this paper the authors use the theory of conflict resolution and descriptive methods. The results of this study indicate that ideology is indeed one of the reasons Hamas and Fatah are not cooperating, because these two ideologies are in conflict with each other, but the historical conflict factor between Hamas's predecessors, the Muslim Brotherhood and Fatah has affected the inability of Hamas and Fatah to cooperate in efforts to liberate Palestine because differences of opinion in addressing resistance to Israel, then coupled with the disappointment of Hamas against Fatah which was hit by the issue of corruption and abuse of power, and Hamas considers Fatah to recognize the existence of Israel after signing the Oslo Declaration. Furthermore, it is hoped that this article can be used as a reference and comparison material for similar research.
Dalam riset ini membahas ikhtiar diplomasi daerah Pangandaran dengan menyelenggarakan Pangandaran International Kite Festival (PIKF). Peneliti melakukan perbandingan dengan daerah penyelenggara festival serupa seperti Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia. Hal ini dilakukan untuk memperkuat gambaran bahwa Pangandaran telah melakukan diplomasi daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis komparatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk diplomasi daerah dan kebijakan dalam acara Pangandaran International Kite Festival dengan perbandingan analisis pada kegiatan Pasir Gudang World Kite Festival. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Pangandaran International Kite Festival merupakan bentuk upaya diplomasi daerah Pangandaran. Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran memiliki tujuan dan kepentingan sehingga menerapkan strategi dan memanfaatkan foreign resources (visitors). Dalam penyelenggaraan PIKF, Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran bersama dengan Persatuan Layang-Layang Pangandaran (PERLAP) sebagai aktor non-governmental untuk dapat mendatangkan peserta internasional. Hal ini dilakukan Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran untuk mencapai visinya sebagai tujuan wisata berkelas dunia merujuk pada standar UN World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) dan Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC). Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis komparatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakahPangandaran International Kite Festival yang diselenggarakan oleh Pangandaran dapat dipandang sebagai ikhtiar diplomasi daerah, dan apa saja kebijakan dan kegiatan Pangandaran yang terkonfirmasi oleh kebijakan dan kegiatan Pasir Gudang World Kite Festival dalam merujuk pengertian diplomasi daerah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Pangandaran International Kite Festival merupakan ikhtiar diplomasi daerah Pangandaran. Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran memiliki tujuan dan kepentingan sebagai dasar untuk melakukan diplomasi daerah, lalu membuat rencana strategi, dan menerapkan kebijakan dengan memanfaatkan foreign resources (visitors). Hal ini dilakukan Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran dalam upaya untuk mencapai visinya sebagai tujuan wisata berkelas dunia merujuk pada standar UN World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) dan Global Sustainable Tourism Council(GSTC). Dalam penyelenggaraan PIKF, Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran bersama-sama dengan Persatuan Layang-Layang Pangandaran sebagai aktor non-governmental menggunakan jaringan transnasionalnya untuk dapat mendatangkan peserta internasional. Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran menggunakan Pangandaran International Kite Festival sebagai alat untuk mempromosikan potensi daerah Pangandaran dan mewujudkan visinya sebagai tujuan wisata berkelas dunia. Kata kunci: Diplomasi Daerah; Festival Layang-Layang Internasional; Pangandaran;pariwisata internasional
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