Background: Ultrasonography (USG) of abdomen remains one of the commonly asked investigations by the surgeon in patients with suspected acute abdomen. The advantage of USG over other radiological investigation is that it is easily available, cost effective, portable, no known side effects, non-invasive and requires minimal patient preparation for carrying out the examination. The present study aimed at evaluating ultrasonography findings of appendicitis and to correlate with operative and histo-pathological findings.
Material and Methods: In our study, USG evaluation was done by the investigators for 61 clinically diagnosed patients, so as to achieve 50 radiologically confirmed appendicitis cases which was the required sample. The study was carried out from December 2013 to September 2015. Data was analysed using the statistical software SPSS version 21.0. Chi Square test was applied to test statistically significant difference in proportion.
Results: In the present study the mean age the study participants was 26.42 years. Majority of the study participants were males 29 (58%) while females represented 42%.The average size of the appendix among the study participants was observed to be 7.08 mm with a standard deviation of ± 1.07 mm. Among all the study participants with acute appendicitis in our study 22% of the patients had perforation of appendix. In our study, we proved that all USG diagnosed appendicitis cases (100%) were histo-pathologically correct but the variations found in diagnosing the perforation status. We found that the USG had 73.33% and 100% sensitivity and specificity in finding the perforation status.
Aims & Objectives: To Characterize and co-relate the clinical, Colour Doppler Ultrasonography (USG) and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) based diagnosis of neck swellings in children and young adults.Method: An observational cross sectional study was performed for a duration of 6 months with a conveniently recruited sample size of 35 subjects. A brief history, clinical examination, Imaging (USG and MRI-mandatorily; other modalities/histology as needed for diagnosis) was performed as per standard protocol for all the patients. The characterization was done was done by reporting and corelating clinical, final and imaging based diagnosis. Results: The maximum number of cases were of developmental origin (37.1%), followed by the masses of vascular origin (17.1%), masses of mesenchymal origin (17.1%), thyroid masses (11.4%), salivary gland masses (8.6%), malignant lymph nodal masses (5.8%) and inflammatory masses (2.8%). The benign lesion accounted for 85.7% (n=30) while 14.3% (n=5) were malignant. Clinical diagnosis was in agreement with final diagnosis in 25 (71.4%) out of 35 cases. USG based diagnosis matched with final diagnosis in 29 out of 35 cases and MRI based diagnosis in 32 out of 35 cases, having a diagnostic accuracy of 82.8 % and 94.2% respectively.
Conclusion:The study showed, MRI has higher diagnostic ability than USG, but final diagnosis need correlations for other modalities. Ultrasonography with Doppler settings should be considered as the first-line screening investigation while, MRI to be used for accurate anatomical localization and characterization of neck swellings.
MRI is the gold standard in estimating perianal stulae owing to its ability to depict the anatomy of the sphincter musculature with good contrast
resolution. In this review we present on MRI ndings in perianal stulae. Also, clinical implications and comparison of MR stulography with
adjunct diagnostic techniques are presented in this review.
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