Background: Ultrasonography (USG) of abdomen remains one of the commonly asked investigations by the surgeon in patients with suspected acute abdomen. The advantage of USG over other radiological investigation is that it is easily available, cost effective, portable, no known side effects, non-invasive and requires minimal patient preparation for carrying out the examination. The present study aimed at evaluating ultrasonography findings of appendicitis and to correlate with operative and histo-pathological findings. Material and Methods: In our study, USG evaluation was done by the investigators for 61 clinically diagnosed patients, so as to achieve 50 radiologically confirmed appendicitis cases which was the required sample. The study was carried out from December 2013 to September 2015. Data was analysed using the statistical software SPSS version 21.0. Chi Square test was applied to test statistically significant difference in proportion. Results: In the present study the mean age the study participants was 26.42 years. Majority of the study participants were males 29 (58%) while females represented 42%.The average size of the appendix among the study participants was observed to be 7.08 mm with a standard deviation of ± 1.07 mm. Among all the study participants with acute appendicitis in our study 22% of the patients had perforation of appendix. In our study, we proved that all USG diagnosed appendicitis cases (100%) were histo-pathologically correct but the variations found in diagnosing the perforation status. We found that the USG had 73.33% and 100% sensitivity and specificity in finding the perforation status.
Haemoptysis is one of the deadliest symptoms of respiratory illness. Identifying the etiology and source of haemoptysis plays a crucial role in early diagnosis and planning for appropriate management. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of MDCT angiography in identifying the site, cause and source of haemoptysis along with determining the normal variants of bronchial arteries. A prospective study was performed on 50 patients with complaints of haemoptysis for a period of 18 months. MDCT angiography was performed to interpret site and source of bleed. Tuberculosis (44%) was the most common underlying cause of haemoptysis in a cohort of 50 patients. In most patients, bronchial artery was adjudged to the source of haemoptysis (72%), followed by the pulmonary artery. Non bronchial systemic arteries contributed to haemoptysis in 12% of patients. A total of 145 bronchial arteries were detected, out of which 75 were right bronchial arteries (51%) and 71 left bronchial arteries (49%). The combination of 2 right bronchial arteries and 1 left bronchial artery was the most common (18%) branching pattern in this study. MDCT angiography is a robust diagnostic tool that permits visualisation of pulmonary vasculature involved in haemoptysis, thereby effectuating suitable treatment in time, and possibly reduce associated mortality rates.
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