Multiple small sessile raised lesions were detected on the ventral surface of the tongue in two 13-year-old domestic cats. The lesions were incidental in both cats. Lesions from both cats appeared histologically as well-demarcated foci of markedly thickened folded epithelium that formed keratin-filled shallow cuplike structures. Large keratinocytes that contained a swollen nucleus surrounded by a clear cytoplasmic halo (koilocytes) were common, suggesting a diagnosis of a papillomavirus-induced papillomas, and papillomavirus antigen was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. The papillomas exhibited diffuse intense cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity against cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A protein (also known as p16 or INK4a protein). Felis catus papillomavirus type 1 DNA sequences were amplified from both papillomas. The papillomas resolved in 1 cat within 3 months of diagnosis, while the papillomas were still visible 4 months after diagnosis in the other cat. This is the first evidence that these papillomas are caused by F. catus papillomavirus type 1.Keywords felis catus papillomavirus, papilloma, oral cavity, wart, cat Papillomaviruses (PVs) have been detected in all species that have been studied, with most species infected by multiple PV types. Most PV infections do not result in the development of clinically detectable lesions; however, depending on both PV type and host factors, PVs can cause a range of hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions.1 Currently, 4 PV types have been fully classified from domestic cats, including Felis catus PV-1 (FcaPV-1) from a cutaneous viral plaque, FcaPV-2 and FcaPV-3 from cutaneous bowenoid in situ carcinomas, and FcaPV-4 from a sample of gingivitis.2,10 PV infection is also thought to cause feline sarcoids (fibropapillomas), although current evidence suggests that these lesions are caused by a bovine PV. The PVs of domestic cats have been referred to as Felis domesticus PVs.In contrast to those of other species, PV-induced papillomas (warts) in domestic cats are rare, with only 2 oral papillomas and 2 cutaneous papillomas previously reported.2,9 While a cutaneous papilloma was found to contain DNA sequences from a human PV type, the PV type present in oral papillomas in domestic cats has not been previously investigated. Herein, 2 cats with oral papillomas are described. Papillomas in both cats developed on the ventral surface of the tongue and contained FcaPV-1 PV DNA sequences.Cat No. 1 was a 13-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat that was observed during a routine dental procedure to have numerous <3-mm diameter pale raised lesions on the ventral surface of the tongue (Fig. 1). Similar lesions on the ventral surface of the tongue were also observed in a 13-year-old male neutered Abyssinian cat (cat No. 2) during surgical drainage of a ranula. Samples were taken from both cats and submitted for histology.Lesions from both cats consisted of well-demarcated foci of markedly thickened folded epithelium that projected as thick tongues into the underly...

The haematology and biochemistry changes observed in cattle infected with T. orientalis Ikeda type were consistent with extravascular haemolytic anaemia. Adult dairy cattle were more likely to be severely anaemic than calves. There were differences in haematology and biochemistry profiles between adult dairy cattle and calves, but most of these differences likely had a physiological rather than pathological basis. Overall, the haematological changes in calves aged <6 months appeared less severe than in adult dairy cattle.

These findings strongly suggest that the mutation responsible for dermatosparaxis in White Dorper sheep is present in New Zealand. Dermatosparaxis should be considered when investigating skin fragility in lambs with White Dorper genetics. Confirmation of the disorder is possible through genetic analysis of hair follicles.

AIM To determine the most commonly used words in the clinical histories of animals naturally infected with Theileria orientalis Ikeda type; whether these words differed between cases categorised by age, farm type or haematocrit (HCT), and if there was any clustering of the common words in relation to these categories. METHODS Clinical histories were transcribed for 605 cases of bovine anaemia associated with T. orientalis (TABA), that were submitted to laboratories with blood samples which tested positive for T. orientalis Ikeda type infection by PCR analysis, between October 2012 and November 2014. χ tests were used to determine whether the proportion of submissions for each word was similar across the categories of HCT (normal, moderate anaemia or severe anaemia), farm type (dairy or beef) and age (young or old). Correspondence analysis (CA) was carried out on a contingency table of the frequency of the 28 most commonly used history words, cross-tabulated by age categories (young, old or unknown). Agglomerative hierarchical clustering, using Ward's method, was then performed on the coordinates from the correspondence analysis. RESULTS The six most commonly used history words were jaundice (204/605), lethargic (162/605), pale mucous membranes (161/605), cow (151/605), anaemia (147/605), and off milk (115/605). The proportion of cases with some history words differed between categories of age, farm type and HCT. The cluster analysis indicated that the recorded history words were grouped in two main clusters. The first included the words weight loss, tachycardia, pale mucous membranes, anaemia, lethargic and thin, and was associated with adult (p<0.001), severe anaemia (p<0.001) and dairy (p<0.001). The second cluster included the words deaths, ill-thrift, calves, calf and diarrhoea, and was associated with young (p<0.001), normal HCT (p<0.001), beef (p<0.001) and moderate anaemia (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cluster analysis of words recorded in clinical histories submitted with blood samples from cases of TABA indicates that two potentially different disease syndromes were associated with T. orientalis Ikeda type infection. One was consistent with the affected cattle suffering from a severe regenerative extravascular haemolytic anaemia, the second displaying as ill thrift and diarrhoea, particularly in young beef cattle.

This is the first description of a novel systemic granulomatous and haemorrhagic syndrome seen in adult dairy cattle most often in their non-lactating period. The presentation can mimic important exotic disease differentials in New Zealand including anthrax, haemorrhagic septicaemia (associated with selected Pasteurella multocida strains) or infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 2.