The aim of the study is to identify the role of the People's Republic of China in the activities of the organisation, based on the Chinese vision of its role in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation as one of the ideological and philosophical leaders that determine its focus and ideology. In particular, China implements the principle of polycentrism in Eurasia and interstate partnership and promotes the idea of state-regulated economic globalisation. The methodology of this scientific research is based on the analytical method of studying the issues related to the topic of the scientific research. China proceeds from the concept of ensuring full sovereignty by the member states of the organisation, but against the backdrop of low development rates of national economies (up to 2-2.5%) and lack of awareness by countries of their national interests in the region, Chinese business will strengthen its expansion, relying on both the World Trade Organisation rules and using protectionist measures by absorbing ineffective business entities. China is guided by the principles of noninterference in the internal affairs of other states, while maintaining its socio-political model based on the fusion of the communist ideology and the traditional philosophical doctrines of China and the mentality of the country's population, excluding the democracy export policy, denying the desire for undivided hegemony and to rule the world community. This is confirmed by the main key elements of the People's Republic of China's foreign policy, determined by the Chinese leadership.

The article deals with the pressing issues of the growing significance of time as a fundamental factor in the economy development and the competitive behavior of firms. It proposes a conceptual approach to the time phenomenon analysis, in which, based on a synergetic paradigm, the temporal dimension of economy is viewed as a special projection (context), which allows studying its temporal characteristics, as well as functions of time acting as a system-forming phenomenon. The paper, in line with the developed approach, reveals the role of time as a unique instrument to measure the growth of productivity of innovative activities and to regulate allocation of resources in the economy. It is concluded that the level of gross domestic product (GDP) production per time unit reflects the performance of human resources and describes the value of time as a system parameter. At the same time the cost of production becomes a monetary form of manifesting the consumption of aggregate (macroeconomic) time, and the market price becomes the monetary value of the amount of macro-economic time, which a buyer is ready to spend on purchasing a product based on an available income. It is proved that the main source of income exceeding the normal level is innovation, which helps increase the productivity, save time and create Schumpeterian and Kirznerian rents. It shows the role of time as a coordinator of the rhythms of changes in industrial and technological, organizational and institutional, cultural and value connections. It considers the issues of changes in the temporal paradigm of development of entrepreneurial firms' competitive advantages, as well as of strategic management with a focus on time as a competitive factor.

FeatUres OF FInanCIal InteGratIOn OF the eUrasIan eCOnOmIC UnIOn memBer states this work is devoted to the study of the issue related to the deepening and expansion of integration processes within the framework of the eurasian economic Union for sustainable development, constant technological renewal, increasing the competitiveness of the economies of the eurasian economic Union member states and increasing the standard of living of their population. the relevance of the topic is due to the high interest of the state authorities of russia in the development of this interstate association. the authors use content analysis of regulatory acts and open information materials on mutual financial flows of eurasian economic Union member states, analysis of discrete institutional alternatives, mathematical modeling, etc. Based on the analysis carried out in the work, a list of proposals for further progressive development of integration processes in the eurasian economic Union was formulated. the article was prepared on the basis of the results of studies carried out at the expense of budgetary allocations within the framework of the state task to the Financial University under the Government of the russian Federation.

The outbreak of the deadly coronavirus, which is increasing the number of victims every day, has created many changes in today’s world. The use of various masks is the most important social tool against this virus. Given the importance of rapid and quality supply of masks in the current situation, it is necessary to study supply chain in particular. In this research, the design of a closed chain supply chain network for different types of masks is assessed. The studied supply chain includes suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers in the forward flow and collection centers, separate centers, recycling centers, and disposal centers in the backward flow. In this regard, a multi-objective mathematical model with the objectives of increasing the total profit and reducing the total environmental impact, and maximizing social responsibility is presented. The optimization of this mathematical model has been done using a fuzzy optimization approach in GAMS software. The results of this study show that maximizing the total profit and minimizing the environmental effects and maximizing social responsibility are in contrast to each other. In addition, the sensitivity analysis indicated that the customers’ demand can affect all aspects of the sustainable supply chain simultaneously.

The article considers reflexive governance of import substitution mechanism in clusters. Specifics of import substitution in clusters have been revealed. It is assumed that effective use of reflexive governance will allow one to optimize the interaction of economic entities in a region on the basis of the allocating a priority economic cluster which will lead to an increase in the social and economic efficiency of the regions of Russia and will help to bridge the gap between the development of regions. Commodity Distribution and Wholesale Market Situation Research Institute for the Study of in the Market.