Two hundred and five histologically confirmed cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in southern China, and an equal number of matched controls, were investigated for their dietary habits, occupational exposure, use of tobacco and alcohol, history of relatives with NPC, and IgA against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen (IgA/VCA). Positive IgA/VCA and intake of salted fish were associated with a strong excess risk of NPC. The association persisted after adjustment for other factors. The combination of salted fish and EBV was strongly associated with NPC, and more so than EBV or salted fish per se. Multivariate analyses showed that IgA/VCA was the most important predictor of NPC, and salted fish the second most important. These results suggest that EBV has a strong effect on the development of NPC. The exclusion of EBV and genetic factors in earlier epidemiological studies may have resulted in an overestimation of salted fish as important etiological factor causing NPC.

The PO, in the maxillary sinus measured with a small PO, electrode was found primarily to be dependent on the patency of the maxillary ostium. It was also correlated with the functional size of the maxillary ostium when this was smaller than 2.5 mm in diameter. A mean oxygen tension of 116 mmHg was found in the maxillary sinus of normal cases and a mean antral PO, of 75 mmHg in patients with sinusitis. The PO, could not be shown to be related to the presence or absence of antral pus or mucus in the cases with sinusitis. However, oxygen tensions of only a few mmHg were found in two cases with aerobic bacteria in the antral pus. Pain in the region of the paranasal sinuses was to some extent correlated to low antral PO,. Acta Otolaryngol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Nyu Medical Center on 06/22/15 For personal use only. Acta Otolaryng 78 Der PO, in der Kieferhohle, gemessen mit einer PO,-Elektrode, jst, wie grundlegend festgestellt wurde, von Acta Otolaryng 78 Acta Otolaryngol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Nyu Medical Center on 06/22/15 For personal use only.

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A bacteriological and histological study of experimentally induced acute pneumococcal sinusitis was performed in 69 New Zealand White rabbits. The sinus ostium was blocked on one side on the first day of the experiment. On the second day, 10(7)-10(9) Streptococcus pneumoniae in 1 ml were injected into the same sinus cavity. Purulent sinusitis developed unilaterally in all rabbits. Histological examination of the sinus mucosa revealed edema, dilated venules, leukocytic infiltration of the mucosa as well as localized epithelial lesions. On staining with acridine orange at pH 4.0, the bacteria were observed in the secretion but not in the mucosa. When we used Streptococcus pneumoniae subjected to an animal passage, the bacteria were re-isolated in 9/10 infected sinuses. Neither sole occlusion of the ostium nor injection of pneumococci into a sinus cavity with a patent ostium resulted in a bacterial sinusitis. Obstruction of the sinus ostium and the use of a virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae strain were essential for the induction of sinusitis in rabbits.

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