Porang (Amorphophallus muelleriBlumeo C dengan aktivitas enzim sebesar 16.38 U/mL dan stabil pada suhu 4 °C selama 48 jam. Selama 5 jam waktu hidrolisis, reaksi dengan konsentrasi substrat 0,25%, 0,5%, dan 1% glukomanan porang yang dilarutkan dalam 10 mL enzim menghasilkan manooligosakarida dengan derajat polimerisasi 2-3. Visualisasi produk hidrolisis mengggunakan metode thin layer chromatography (TLC) dan high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) menunjukkan bahwa jenis manooligosakarida yang dihasilkan adalah glukosa, manobiosa, manotriosa, dan manotetrosa. Derajat polimerisasi dan gula-gula sederhana yang terbentuk menunjukkan bahwa mananase S. violascens bekerja secara aktif mengatalisis reaksi hidrolisis ikatan 1,4-β-D-manosida dari rantai utama β-1,4-mannan sehingga menghasilkan gula-gula sederhana manooligosakarida.
Introduction: Antidiabetic medicinal plants are increasingly used in the treatment of diabetes as they are generally assumed to pro-duce minimal side effects. Okra is a quercetin-containing plant which can induce pancreas regeneration and has antidiabetic effect. There has been a lot of research that demonstrate that purple okra contains more quercetin than green okra.
Aim: To demonstrate the advantages of purple okra over green okra on the diabetic markers improvement in diabetic rats.
Materials and methods: Fifteen male 2-month-old Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with 65 mg streptozotocin and 110 mg niacinamide. Their blood glucose levels were measured three days after the injection. The induction of diabetes was deemed successful if the glucose level of the rats got higher than 250 mg/dL, and then such rats were considered diabetic. The diabetic rats were divided into three groups: an acarbose group, a purple okra powder group, and a green okra powder group. The latter two were given, respectively, purple and green okra powder for 28 days. Blood serum was taken to examine the fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-B and GLUT-4 levels. Pancreas was examined histologically for damage using hematoxylin eosin staining.
Results: Fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-B, and GLUT-4 levels of diabetic rats that received purple okra powder (p<0.05) were better than those of the rats that received green okra powder. The least damage (p<0.05) to pancreatic beta cells was found in the purple okra powder group.
Conclusions: Purple okra is superior to green okra in terms of improving the diabetic markers of rats.
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi belum digunakannya model pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif pada pembelajaran tematik terpadu. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dalam bentuk quasi eksperiment design. Dengan desain Nonequivalent control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Populasi yaitu seluruh siswa kelas IV dalam Gugus III Kecamatan Ranah Pesisir. Sebagai sampel adalah kelas IV SDN 02 Koto Nan IV sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas IV SDN Koto VIII Mudik sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah siswa masing-masing 12 orang. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 84,58 dengan standar deviasi 11,571 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 69,17 dengan standar deviasi 12,939. Berdasarkan perhitungan uji-t (t-test) diperoleh thitung 3,077 sedangkan ttabel pada taraf kepercayaan ? 0,05 adalah 2,074 sehingga thitung > ttabel. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan penggunaan model kooperatif tipe Scramble terhadap hasil belajar tematik terpadu kelas IV SDN Gugus III Kecamatan Ranah Pesisir.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Researchers keep attempting to develop therapy modalities to decrease the mortality and morbidity of cancer patients by trying to comprehend the effect of sympathetic nerves (through catecholamine and adrenergic receptors) in cancer development. Catecholamine activation in b-adrenergic receptors (b1-AR, b2-AR, and b3-AR) may influence cytokine and cancer immunity system, initiate tumorigenesis, stimulate tumor-associated macrophage and angiogenesis, influence tumor microenvironment, and facilitate cancer cell metastasis, leading to increased progressivity of cancer cells. b-blockers may inhibit catecholamine on b-AR and various types of paths needed for cancer cells to develop. b-blockers also stimulate cancer cell apoptosis, decrease pro-inflammatory mediators and growth factors of cancer cells. In addition, b-blockers also have benefits as supplementary cancer therapy, increase chemoradiotherapy sensitivity, decrease cardiotoxicity, and improve cancer cachexia.The benefits of b-blockers are expected to reduce morbidity and increase the survival rates of cancer patients. This review comprehensively assesses the benefit of b-blockers as a part of the complete management of cancer patients.
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