OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the level of healthy lifestyle behaviors and related factors in the individuals who applied to the primary health-care center. METHODS: The study is a cross-sectional study of adults aged 18 years and over who applied to the primary health-care center. The sample size of the study was calculated as 992 people and 995 participants were accessible. The health-promoting behaviors of the individuals were assessed by the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II). In the analysis of the data, Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to determine effective variables on scale score. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 43.8±17.1. Of the total participants, 45.7% (n=455) of them were female. The median score obtained from the HPLP-II was 132. Health responsibility, nutrition, and interpersonal relations subscale scores of male were lower than female patients, while physical activity subscale scores were higher in male patients. In participants under the age of 48 years in the study, health responsibility, nutrition, interpersonal relations, and stress management subscale scores were higher. The scores of the married participants were higher than the areas out of the stress management subdimension. Stress management subscale scores were higher in individuals with primary and lower education levels in terms of health care, nutrition, and interpersonal relations. Those who had good family income status and health perception scores also received higher scores in terms of all subscale scores. CONCLUSION: Gender, age group, marital status, education level, income level, physician-diagnosed chronic disease history, and perceived health status were found to be related to health-promoting behaviors. Educational programs should be prepared in these issues by determining the issues that individuals are lacking in protecting and developing their health and social needs should be taken into consideration when these programs are being prepared.
Objectives:The present study was conducted to develop an instrument for measuring adults’ glaucoma knowledge levels and to establish the instrument’s validity and reliability.Materials and Methods:The study group consisted of 811 persons aged 40-80 years who presented to primary health care institutions and did not have a glaucoma diagnosis. A 27-item questionnaire measuring level of glaucoma knowledge was created by the study team. Following expert consultation, it was structurally evaluated. The difficulty index and discrimination index were calculated for each item. Factor analysis was used to determine construct validity, Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient and item-total correlations were calculated to determine reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the extent to which the factor structure of the scale fit. We analysed correlation with the National Eye Health Education Program (NEHEP) Eye-Q scale in order to evaluate the validity of the scale.Results:The final glaucoma knowledge level questionnaire comprised 10 items in one dimension. The discrimination index and difficulty index ranged between 0.28 to 0.65 and 33 to 61%, respectively. According to factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin score was 0.760 and Bartlett’s test indicated p<0.001. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable scale fit and fit indices. Validity assessment revealed a positive correlation between the total score of the items of the NEHEP scale and glaucoma knowledge level questionnaire score (r=0.522; p<0.001). Scores were higher in participants who were aged 40-64, living in the city, had education level of high school or above and had previous eye examination or intraocular pressure measurement. Conclusion:The glaucoma knowledge level questionnaire has the distinction of being the first valid and reliable scale for assessing level of glaucoma knowledge in Turkey.
Background: The study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of glaucoma and their possible determinants in a group of people diagnosed with glaucoma and in a population based group without glaucoma.Methods: The study included people with an age range of 40 to 80years; 410 patients without glaucoma who admitted to primary health care service and 113 patients who admitted to hospitals with diagnosis of glaucoma. In addition to Glaucoma Knowledge Level Questionnaire (GKLQ), participants were asked about their socio-demographic characteristics, level of awareness and resources of the information about glaucoma. Multivariate logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the variants which have impact on the level of the awareness about glaucoma and to evaluate the factors effective on the score of GKLQ, respectively.Results: The ratio of awareness about glaucoma was found to be 64.1% in people without glaucoma. The knowledge and awareness about glaucoma were found to be higher in glaucoma patients compared to healthy people but not at a desired level. The education level was the only factor effecting both awareness and knowledge about glaucoma.Conclusions: As awareness about glaucoma can lead to early detection, the assessment of the knowledge and awareness about glaucoma is very important in terms of disease prevention. Health education and preventive health care services should be programmed including for both glaucoma patients and healthy people based on the level of their education.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of energy drink consumption and its effects on perceived stress and sleep quality among high school students. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study was conducted with 2806 students. The first part of specific survey investigated the sociodemographic characteristics and the energy drink consumption habits of students. The perceived stress scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were performed. Results: The mean age of students was calculated as 15.73 ± 1.16 years. It was revealed that prevalence of energy drink consumption was 70.8%. Male sex, being a member of divorced family, irregular sleep habits, and believing that energy drinks are unhealthy & addictive were found to be significant factors affecting the frequency of energy drink usage. The mean score of the students' Perceived Stress Scale was 28.95 ± 7.22 and the mean score of the PSQI was 6.56 ± 2.84. Perceived Stress Scale and PSQI scores of consumer students were higher than non-consumers. Conclusion: Energy drink consumption was found to be quite frequent in the study group. Consumption of energy drinks negatively affected the level of stress and sleep quality. Educational programs should be provided to students on the harmful effects of these beverages.
The aim of this study was to analyze energy drink consumption, perceived stress and sleep quality among health science students. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the faculties of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science in 2017-2018 with the participation of 2095 students.The data were gathered using a questionnaire as well as Perceived Stress Scale and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Energy drinks were consumed by as many as 1255(%59.9) respondents. Energy drink consumption was more common among men, above 21 years, smokers, alcohol and coffee drinkers and believing that energy drinks are not addictive. In the 13.8% of the study group who consumed energy drink stated that they had experienced a health complaint while consuming energy drink and the most frequently reported health complaints were palpitations and the other complaints were frequent urination, insomnia. Energy drink consumption is prevalent among health science students. There was no significant difference between mean scores of the Perceived Stress Scale of the students who consumed and not consumed energy drinks in the study and the Pitssburg Sleep Quality Index. There is a need to raising awareness about energy drink's potential health effects.
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