Ciplukan (Physalis angulata Linn.) is a Solanaceae family species and contains various active compounds with diverse therapeutic potential. The goal of this investigation was to see if the ethyl acetate fraction of ciplukan had an antifibrotic impact on liver fibrosis. The oral administration of 20% carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) twice weekly for 8 weeks was used to cause liver fibrosis. Four weeks following fibrosis induction, ciplukan ethyl acetate fractions of 1.11 mg (CPL-1) and 2.22 mg (CPL-2) were given orally. As a positive control group, vitamin E was used. When compared to the negative control, the ethyl acetate portion of 2.22 mg (CPL-2) lowered serum alanine aminotransaminase levels (83.95 ± 27.675 vs 175.23 ± 5.641, p-value < 0.05). Microscopic histopathological changes based on the better Metavir score (CPL-2 vs. negative control = 1.25 ± 1.893 vs. 3.50 ± 0.577; p-value < 0.05) and Ishak score (CPL-2 vs. negative control = 1.50 ± 1.000 vs. 4.75 ± 0.957 p-value < 0.05) were demonstrated. Overall, in rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl 4 , these findings suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of ciplukan has an antifibrotic effect.
Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Boesenbergia rotunda has been traditionally used to reduce stomach discomfort in Indonesia. The objective of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism and acute toxicity of the ethanol extract of B. rotunda rhizome (BREE) in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into anti-inflammatory mechanism study (n = 18) and acute toxicity study (n = 30). The anti-inflammatory mechanism study employed six groups (n = 3), e.g., the normal control, negative control, positive control (quercetin 20 mg/kg BW), and three doses of BREE (250 mg/kg BW; 500 mg/kg BW; 1000 mg/kg BW). All groups (except the normal control) were inflammatory-induced i.p. using 0.1 mL of 1% of acetic acid. The expression of Akt and NF-kappaB p65 in the stomach and intestine of the rats was examined using Western blot analysis. The acute toxicity study (21 days) was conducted by following the Regulation of Indonesia National Agency of Drug and Food Control No. 7/2014 about In Vivo Nonclinical Toxicity Study using 5 doses of BREE (250 mg/kg BW; 500 mg/kg BW; 1000 mg/kg BW; 2000 mg/kg BW; 4000 mg/kg BW). Results. BREE reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells in both the stomach and the intestine of acetic acid-induced rats. BREE also alters the expression of Akt and NF-kappaB p65 in the rat’s stomach and intestine (p=0.005). The acute toxicity study reveals no lethal effects and behavioral signs of toxicity at all tested doses, which indicates that the LD50 is greater than 4000 mg/kg BW. Conclusion. Taken together, BREE could inhibit the expression of Akt and NF-kappaB p65 in the stomach and intestine of acetic acid-induced Wistar rats. This plant could be further explored for its potential as plant-based antistomach ulceration.
Fitness becomes an important benchmark for public health in every age group. Activities with poor adverse fitness are at risk of injury. Good fitness is gained from a balance in everyday physical activity with conditions that are free of metabolic syndrome. This study investigated the relationship of physical activity, energy balance, and metabolic syndrome to the fitness of 166 professors of Universitas Padjadjaran who underwent a 1-month fitness checkup at BAPELKES Bandung in the period of 2017. Based on the regression analysis, the results showed a significant relationship between physical activity, energy balance, and metabolic syndrome on the physical fitness of the elderly group (F= 25.9290 > F table= 2.427) with normal data distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). The results also showed a moderate relationship (R= 0.569 and R2= 0.324). It also partially showed significant influence between physical activity and fitness (t= 8.541> t table= 1.975), significant influence between energy balance and physical fitness (t= 2.248> t table= 1.975), and no significant partial influence between metabolic syndrome and physical fitness of the elderly group (t=-0.029
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