The objectives of this work was to isolate endophytic bacteria from Jacaranda decurrens Cham. and screening of some enzymes of biotechnological interest. Ten (10) bacterial species were isolated and identified from the leaves and steams. All the isolates presented enzymatic activity, which was ranked as follows: proteolytic (60%) and amilolytic activity (60%), lipolytic (40%), esterasic (40%). However, cellulolytic and pectinolytic activities were not detected. This is the first report on the isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria from Jacaranda decurrensCham.

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The increasing use of biodiesel raised concerns about its toxicological effects on the environment. However, few studies have analyzed the impact of biodiesel, especially ethyl biodiesel from residual frying oils and fats (RFOF), on aquatic organisms. Here, were used biodiesel produced by acid esterification followed the alkali transesterification and biodiesel produced by saponification, acidification and two acids esterification, both in the laboratory and their mixtures (B100, B20, and B7). The eluates were obtained by mixing biodiesel with saline water and tested the effect of several concentrations of them on the mortality rate of nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia salina. The results of study showed that blend of diesel with greater proportion of biodiesel caused less mortality rate to A. salina nauplii. The saline eluate with 93% diesel and 7 % biodiesel (E4 and E10) showed the mortality of A. salina on 50% eluate exposure while E7 it was 90%. The mixture does increase toxicity with the presence of diesel, B100, only in E8 mortality occurred (LD 50 = 100%). Conversely, the eluates E R1/100 and E R2/100 produced from ethyl biodiesel of RFOF R1 and R2 biodiesel, respectively, did not have toxicity.

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RESUMO Endofíticos são micro-organismos que passam uma parte ou todo o ciclo de vida no interior de vegetais. Sob condições de estresse, tais como déficit hídrico, invasão por fitopatógenos ou contato com substâncias tóxicas, eles geram diversas biomoléculas que auxiliam na proteção vegetal. O atual estudo visou isolar e avaliar o potencial enzimático e antimicrobiano de micro-organismos endofíticos de Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., uma espécie vegetal amplamente empregada em fitoterapia brasileira. Um total de 39 isolados microbianos foram selecionados de diferentes partes da planta. Após identificação, constatou-se que a maior parte dos micro-organismos isolados eram bactérias pertencentes aos gêneros Pseudomonas sp. (23,1%), Bacillus sp. (23,0%), Streptomyces sp. (20,5%), Alcaligenes sp. (17,9%), Micrococcus sp. (5,1%), Comamonas sp. (2,6%), Acinetobacter sp. (2,6%) e Staphylococcus sp. (2,6%), e uma levedura do gênero Rhodotorula sp. (2,6%). Pelo menos um tipo de ação de uma exoenzima (amilase, lipase, esterase, pectinase ou protease) foi observada para 25 isolados (64,1%). Quanto a triagem da atividade antimicrobiana in vitro, verificou-se que 15 isolados (38,5%) exibiram capacidade de inibir o crescimento de algum dos 16 micro-organismos-alvo, com destaque as amostras Pseudomonas aeruginosa MC 7B e Pseudomonas fluorescens MC 15, as quais apresentaram o maior grau de ação antibiótica contra 15 (93,8%) e 9 (56,2%) das cepas bacterianas indicadoras, respectivamente. Em conclusão, a pesquisa evidencia que a comunidade endofítica dessa planta medicinal exibe um profícuo potencial para a geração de enzimas de interesse industrial e antimicrobianos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: micro-organismos endofíticos, Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., enzimas, atividade antibacteriana, bioprospecção.

Atividade antimicrobiana e propriedades físicas de filmes biodegradáveis incorporados com cafeína e ácido acéticoAntimicrobial activity and physical properties of biodegradable films added with caffeine and acetic acid