The increasing use of biodiesel raised concerns about its toxicological effects on the environment. However, few studies have analyzed the impact of biodiesel, especially ethyl biodiesel from residual frying oils and fats (RFOF), on aquatic organisms. Here, were used biodiesel produced by acid esterification followed the alkali transesterification and biodiesel produced by saponification, acidification and two acids esterification, both in the laboratory and their mixtures (B100, B20, and B7). The eluates were obtained by mixing biodiesel with saline water and tested the effect of several concentrations of them on the mortality rate of nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia salina. The results of study showed that blend of diesel with greater proportion of biodiesel caused less mortality rate to A. salina nauplii. The saline eluate with 93% diesel and 7 % biodiesel (E4 and E10) showed the mortality of A. salina on 50% eluate exposure while E7 it was 90%. The mixture does increase toxicity with the presence of diesel, B100, only in E8 mortality occurred (LD 50 = 100%). Conversely, the eluates E R1/100 and E R2/100 produced from ethyl biodiesel of RFOF R1 and R2 biodiesel, respectively, did not have toxicity.
A escassez de fontes não renováveis e a geração de resíduos fazem com que estudos sejam realizados para tentar minimizar estes impactos. A produção de óleos e gorduras residuais (OGR) e o seu descarte inadequado geram a necessidade de sua utilização, sendo uma delas a produção de Biodiesel, o que auxilia na produção de fontes renováveis de energia. Este artigo analisou estudos da viabilidade econômica da fabricação de Biodiesel por OGR, comparado com o óleo de soja, e verificou que logística correta e conscientização da população podem resultar em um biodiesel de ótima qualidade e custo mais baixo.
Os resíduos sólidos vêm gerando várias discussões devidos os impactos que causam ao meio ambiente. As Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETA) geram alguns resíduos e dentre eles um resíduo sólido, o lodo formado nos decantadores. Poucas ETA se preocupam em tratar e dispor o lodo adequadamente, até mesmo pela difi culdade em se quantifi car o resíduo. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a quantifi cação através de fórmulas pesquisadas por outros autores. Verifi cou-se que a quantidade de resíduo gerada em média é de 1306 m³ ao ano, confi rmando a importância de tratar e dispor o resíduo ambientalmente correta. Palavras-chave: lodo, decantadores, impacto.Solid wastes have generated much discussion due to the impacts they cause to the environment. The water treatment plants (WTP) generate some of them waste and solid waste, the sludge formed in the decanter. Few WTP bother to treat and dispose of the sludge properly, even by the diffi culty in quantifying the residue. This study aimed to perform the quantifi cation using formulas studied by other authors. It was found that the amount of waste generated in average is 1306 m³ per year, confi rming the importance of treating the waste disposal and environmentally friendly
The treatment of water from Anapolis - GO generates as major waste sludge in the decanter after alkalinization, coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation, and washing water after backwashing of the filters themselves. This work was carried out physical-chemical and bacterial waste by means of the methods prescribed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. The results indicate the need for treatment and proper disposal of sludge to the decanter, as its parameters do not meet the standards required for discharge of effluents into water bodies. While the characteristics of the wash water filters are close to the standards of water quality class 2, set by the CONAMA Resolution 357. These results demonstrate the need and the importance to waste characterization.
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