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The parent proxy reports of the Turkish translation of the PedsQL 4.0 may be used in research for group comparisons for 2- to 7-year-old Turkish children.

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The aim of this study is to examine the volumetric differences of the fronto-temporal region in the offspring of schizophrenic patients in comparison to normal. Twenty-six offspring of chronic schizophrenic patients aged between 8 and 15 years and 23 control children were matched with respect to cranial MRI. Chronic schizophrenic patients were reevaluated with SCID-I to confirm their diagnosis. Parents of children in the control group completed SCL-90-R and were evaluated by clinical interview to exclude any psychotic disorder. The diagnoses of psychiatric disorders in all of the children were established by DSM-IV-based clinical interviews with children and parents. They underwent IQ evaluation by WISC-R and evaluated with cranial MRI. Hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, corpus callosum, frontal, and temporal lobe volumes were measured and compared by using MANCOVA. After covarying whole brain volume, age and gender, statistically significant decrease in the measurements of corpus callosum and hippocampi, and a non-significant trend toward smaller temporal lobes were observed in the high-risk children. The structure of hippocampal formation and corpus callosum were impaired in the children of the schizophrenic patients which suggests a neurodevelopmental abnormality in subjects with genetic high risk for schizophrenia.

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With the growth of international trade and travel, consumers are increasingly confronted with foreign products and services.But some negative attitudes towards foreign products can arise from several factors such as previous or ongoing political, military, economic, or diplomatic events. Thus, both consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity have become important constructs in marketing. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity affect repurchase intent towards U.S. products and whether this impact is moderated by customer loyalty. The findings of the research indicate that consumer ethnocentrism increases consumer animosity for the sampling. The present study also denotes that both consumer ethnocentrism and animosity have a negative impact on repurchase intent toward U.S. products in Turkey. According to the results of regression analyses, customer loyalty may not be an important moderating factor between consumers' animosity and repurchase intent toward U.S. products. However, customer loyalty moderated the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism and repurchase intent toward U.S. products. Further implications for Turkish consumers in supermarkets in the province of Nevşehir are discussed. The value of future research is also acknowledged.

Low-involvement consumption includes the majority of regular purchases by individuals and the community, and collectively these have a substantial negative environmental impact. It is, therefore, an important environmental domain to examine. This research surveys 340 Turkish consumers and examines whether apathy, locus of control and myopia influence environmental orientation and purchase intentions for a low-involvement green product, and whether purchase intentions are mediated by consumers’ environmental orientation. The results suggest that environmental orientation positively affects purchase intentions, whereas external locus of control negatively affects purchase intentions. Environmental orientation mediates the effect of the internal and external locus of controls’ effect on purchase intentions. The results indicate that environmental orientation is a critical direct and indirect driver of purchase intentions for low-involvement environmental goods. Moreover, it highlights that achieving an increase in consumers’ purchase intentions for low-involvement green goods may be more challenging than influencing their purchase intentions for high-involvement green goods. The inability to increase purchase intentions for low involvement green goods will substantially inhibit reduction of consumers’ environmental impacts through daily activities.