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Overall, impairment in RI and IC (only on S-error score) was present in both patients and relatives. The persistence of these deficits in the absence of mood symptoms suggests that these features may represent candidate endophenotypes for bipolar disorder.

SummaryThis study investigated the effects of smoking and gender on the haemodynamic response after tracheal intubation. Patients were assigned to one of four groups: female non-smokers, female smokers, male non-smokers and male smokers. After tracheal intubation, the highest mean (SD) increase in heart rate (30 (18) %) and rate-pressure product (40 (29) %) was seen in male smokers. The increases in heart rate and rate-pressure product in male smokers were significantly greater than those in female non-smokers, p < 0.05. The increase in rate-pressure product was significantly greater in male smokers than in male non-smokers, p = 0.022.

ObjectivesSo far, few studies have investigated cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) measures in bipolar disorder type I (BDI) in comparison to a high genetic risk group such as first-degree relatives (FR). This study aimed to examine CT and SA differences between BDI, FR and healthy controls (HC).Methods3D T1 magnetic resonance images were acquired from 27 euthymic BDI patients, 24 unaffected FR and 29 HC. CT and SA measures were obtained with FreeSurfer version 5.3.0. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare CT and SA between groups. Group comparisons were repeated with restricting the FR group to 17 siblings (FR-SB) only.Results\Mean age in years was 36.3 ± 9.5 for BDI, 32.1 ± 10.9 for FR, 34.7 ± 9.8 for FR-SB and 33.1 ± 9.0 for HC group respectively. BDI patients revealed larger SA of left pars triangularis (LPT) compared to HC (p = .001). In addition, increased SA in superior temporal cortex (STC) in FR-SB group compared to HC was identified (p = .0001).ConclusionsOur result of increased SA in LPT of BDI could be a disease marker and increased SA in STC of FR-SB could be a marker related with resilience to illness.

of Veterinary Sciences Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2016, 32, 4, 242-245 242 Öz Amaç: Bir makrolid antibiyotik olan gamitromisin sığırlarda pasteurellosis tedavisinde önerilmekle birlikte koyunlarda etiket dışı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Makrolid antibiyotiklerin kardiyotoksik etkileri bilinmektedir, ancak gamitromisinin koyunlarda kardiyak güvenilirliği ile ilgili bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Araştırmanın öncelikli amacı koyunlarda gamitromisinin kardiyak güvenilirliğini belirlemektir. Bunun yanı sıra karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyonlarına ve hemogram parametrelerine etkisini tespit etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem:Araştırmada 10 adet koyuna gamitromisin (6 mg/kg, SC) tek doz olarak uygulandı. Kan örnekleri uygulamadan önce (0. gün, kontrol) ve sonraki 0. 25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ve 9. günlerde alındı. Spesifik kalp hasar belirteçleri olan serum kreatin kinaz-MB kütle ve troponin I dü-zeyleri, karaciğer ile böbrek hasar belirteçleri ve hemogram parametreleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Araştırmada troponin I düzeyinde birinci gün istatistiki olmayan yükselmeler belirlenirken, kreatin kinaz-MB kütle düzeyinde değişimler belirlenmedi. Total bilirubin, total protein, kreatinin ve akyuvar düzeyinde referans değerler arasında istatistiki değişimler belirlendi (P<0.05).Öneri: Koyunlara tek doz gamitromisin (6 mg/kg, SC) uygulamasının kalp, karaciğer, böbrek fonksiyonları ile hemogram parametrelerine belirgin yan etkilerinin olmadığı ifade edilebilir. Anahtar kelimeler: Koyun, gamitromisin, güvenilirlik AbstractAim: Gamithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, is used in the treatment of bovine pasteurellosis, whereas it is used in sheep as extra-label. It is well known that macrolide antibiotics have cardiotoxic effect, however, it cannot be found the information of cardiac safety of gamithromycin in sheep in the literature. The first aim of this research was to determine the cardiac safety of gamithromycin in sheep. In addition, effects of gamithromycin on the liver and kidney functions and hemogram values were investigated. Materials and Methods:Gamithromycin (6 mg/kg, SC) was administered as a single dose to 10 sheep. Blood samples were taken before (0. day, control) and after treatments at 0. 25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 days. Serum creatine kinease-MB mass and troponin I levels which are specific cardiac damage markers, liver, kidney damage markers and hemogram values were measured.Results: Increased troponin I levels were determined at first day but it was not statistically significant, and there was no change determined in the creatine kinase-MB mass levels. Statistically significant (P<0.05) fluctuations were determined in the total bilirubin, total protein, creatinine and white blood cell counts, but these results were within the normal ranges. Conclusion:It may be stated that single dose (6 mg/kg, SC) gamithromycin administration has no distinctive side effects on the heart, liver and kidney functions and hemogram values in sheep.

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