This study was conducted to assess the effects of MBA degree on enhancement of skills and career advancement in Pakistan .Business education is getting importance and growing day by day globally and for the sake of assessing worthiness of this degree of business education (MBA) in developing economy of Pakistan 100 professionals( 75 MBA's and 25 others) were studied. Likewise study also focuses on some intervening variables for instance stress management, effective communication, time management, interpersonal skills, self confidence, and analytical skills. Study was conducted in banking industry by selecting people randomly from different managerial ranks. Data were collected through a well designed and structured questionnaire and pre-testing was carried out to examine the efficiency of the instrument. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were applied and analyses demonstrated that MBA degree has positive effect on career advancement because it sharpens different skills of MBA's and it provides basis for better opportunities and MBA's have diversified skills so they can act as worthy managers.
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is worldwide prevalent ailment, affecting millions, and leading irreversible cause of blindness. The treatment strategies revolve around one modifiable factor, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), despite POAG presenting with normal IOP. Emphasis is put forth in recent past detecting structural elements of glaucoma; lamina cribrosa (LC) is found to be a promising prospect. Morphological alterations of LC are implicated as early sign before onset of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON). In this review, the authors explored scientific works from 1976 till 2018 through Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, HEC Digital Library, Springerlink, and PakMedinet in four months’ time, extracted structural features of LC, its measurable attributes, fresh innovations employed for in-vivo visualization and clinical signs aiding in establishing diagnosis of glaucoma which will assist as a prophylactic measure against GON. No such work has ever been done in South-East Asia including our country. So LC opens a new horizon for research in Pakistan.
Background and Objective: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of direct maternal mortality in Pakistan. It is recommended that the first three hours after the presentation are crucial. During this time implementation of surviving sepsis campaign resuscitation bundles reduces maternal mortality. Our objective was to assess the factors contributing to puerperal sepsis and the compliance of “surviving sepsis campaign resuscitation bundles in puerperal sepsis” for the management of puerperal sepsis.
Methods: This was a retrospective record review for five years from January 2011-December 2015. All women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of puerperal sepsis were included and data from their files were collected and entered in SPSS version 19.0. Mean and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables while for categorical variable proportion and percentages were used.
Results: This retrospective record review in five years showed the 396 patients had P-sepsis, among them 44 patients had severe sepsis with organ dysfunction. The culture was positive in 26(59%) with trend of E-coli in 9(20%) Among them 12(27%) had serum lactate more than ≥4mmol/L. Central venous pressure monitoring with fluid resuscitation was done as per protocol of survival bundle given to all 12(100%), Vasopressin was needed in half of these patients 6(50%). Amid 44 patients of severe sepsis 29(66%) were admitted to special care, while 15(34%) required intensive care admissions. Our 7(16%) patients failed to survive. All of them had multi-organ failure.
Conclusion: There was moderate adherence of modified surviving sepsis campaign resuscitation bundles. Further improvement in compliance is warranted.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.3992
How to cite this:Yousuf F, Malik A, Saba A, Sheikh S. Risk factors and Compliance of surviving sepsis campaign: A retrospective cohort study at tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.3992
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