Today, the important facts such as the globalization, the changes in population movements, the transformation into an information society, the increasing competition in economics, the changes and progresses in information and communication technologies have an ongoing impact on all fields of life, including higher education. The areas that these factors affect in higher education range from the administration of higher education institutions to institutional structuring, from the diversity of services offered to financing structure, and from R&D activities to international cooperation. In this regard, in order to eliminate deficiencies, develop strategies and policies for the future of open and distance learning, it is of particular importance to have knowledge about the different approaches, applications and experiences of the universities from different countries which provide open and distance learning services. These will also allow institutions to find new stakeholders and to develop academic studies and programs. Better understanding the different approaches and experiences of the other higher education institutions will serve as guidance and assist in the remedy of the deficiencies and solution of the problems for open and distance education institutions. This study aims to describe and analyze the global tendencies in the administration, education and R&D processes of mega universities. For this purpose, by carrying out a research project, mega universities offering open and distance learning services in 6 countries (Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, South Korea, People's Republic of China) were determined and analyzed as the sample of the study. The examined institutions reflect current tendencies in open and distance education, which are governed by the socioeconomic and socio cultural characteristics of their countries, and also offer some practices that set examples. We also compare our findings with the corresponding applications and preferences of the Anadolu University and suggest that some remarkable practices are worth to be considered as valuable perspectives.
ABSTRACT:The authors examined the a�itudes of veterinary practitioners in Turkey towards animals' right to life. For this purpose, a telephone questionnaire was applied on a total of 303 practitioners located in four provinces in Turkey. The overall response rate was 82%. The respect for right to life was valued slightly over neutral. According to the 5-point Likert scale, the average value scored by the participants for the items of views about animals' right to life was found as 3.25. Type of practice (pet clinics: 3.41), gender (females: 3.63), perceived responsibility (to animal: 3.48), keeping a pet (yes: 3.34) and membership in a society (yes: 3.67) had a statistically significant influence on a�itudes towards animals' right to life. Independent variables explained 87% of the variance in a�itudes, with most of the variance accounted for by perceived responsibility.
Bu çalışmada, dünyada açık ve uzaktan eğitim hizmeti sunan mega üniversitelerden biri olan Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Sistemi'nde ölçme ve değerlendirme uygulamalarının nasıl geliştirilebileceği araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda öğrenenlerin biçimlendirici ve düzey belirleyici değerlendirme etkinliklerine ilişkin görüşleri incelenerek Sistem'de başka hangi ölçme araç ve tekniklerinin kullanılabileceği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Karma yöntem araştırma desenlerinden keşfedici yöntemin (NİTEL → nicel) benimsendiği çalışmada; nitel veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla, nicel veriler ise çevrimiçi uygulanan "Ölçme Araçları Değerlendirme ve Tercih Anketi"yle toplanmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelere 12 öğrenen, ankete ise 13.739 öğrenen katılmıştır. Nitel verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılırken nicel verilerin çözümlenmesinde yüzde-frekans tabloları, çoklu uyum analizi, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda; öğrenenleri değerlendirmede kullanılan ölçme araçlarının çeşitlendirilmesi, çevrimiçi sınav olanaklarının artırılması, öğrenenlere öğrenme ve değerlendirme süreciyle ilgili daha fazla geribildirim verilmesi ve öğrenenlere öğrenim gördükleri alanlarda daha fazla uygulama yapma fırsatı tanınması gerektiği ortaya çıkmıştır.
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